太空诱变节水抗旱稻的AFLP分析  

AFLP analysis of water-saving and drought-resistance rice induced by space flight

作　　者：陈晨[1] 罗华程[1] 余新桥[1] 余舜武[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业生物基因中心,上海201106

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2013年第8期1243-1248,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2013ZX08001-003);上海市自然科学基金项目(12ZR1427700)

摘　　要：【目的】将节水抗旱稻沪旱3号进行太空诱变后,对其繁殖的稳定后代材料进行AFLP分析,为获得与表型相关的、有价值的水稻突变基因奠定基础。【方法】从经太空诱变的沪旱3号(Hh3)种子在地面繁殖7代后得到表型趋于稳定的101份材料中选取7份材料,对其基因组进行AFLP分子标记分析,并在田间进行抗旱性鉴定。【结果】沪旱3号诱变株系的基因组平均突变率为10.5%。利用AFLP引物组合中的3对引物E-AAT/M-CCA、E-AAT/M-CCC和E-ATC/M-CGT进行选择性扩增,可获得3个特异的多态性条带,其大小分别为710、185、190 bp,对应的突变株系分别为M371、M374和M340。在干旱胁迫条件下,诱变株系的抗旱性未降低,而产量相关性状明显发生改变;其中,5个变异株系的株高、7个变异株系的有效穗数、4个变异株系的千粒重、4个变异株系的理论产量和3个变异株系的实际产量均明显高于对照,而所有7个变异株系的结实率均低于对照。【结论】AFLP标记技术能够有效检测水稻变异材料基因组中的突变位点,是从分子水平研究植物空间诱变及其突变后代遗传变异的有效手段。[Objective]The stable generation materials of water-saving and drought-resistance rice variety Huhan 3 after induced by space flight were studied using AFLP technology to provide bases on obtaining mutant genes of rice related with phenotype. [Method]From 101 accessions of stable phenotypic rice propagating for 7 generations of Huban 3 after space flight induced, 7 accessions of mutant materials were detected by AFLP technology and identified drought resistance in the field. [Result]The mutation rate of 7 mutant line genomes was 10.5%. Out of 64 pairs of primers, 3 pairs of primers （E-AAT/M-CCA, E-AAT/M-CCC and E-ATC/M-CGT） could amplify 3 specific polymorphic bands with size of 710, 185 and 190 bp, corresponding to mutant M371, M374 and M340, respectively. Under drought condition, 7 accessions of mutant lines could keep the drought resistance, while the relative yield traits changed. The effective ear number of 7 lines, the plant height of 5 lines, 1000-grain weight of 4 lines, theoretical yield of 4 lines and actual yield of 3 lines were significantly higher than that of control lines Huhan 3, while the seed setting rate of 7 lines was lower than that of control. [Conclusion]AFLP technology could detect mutation loci in genome of mutant rice induced by space flight. It was an effective method for studying plant space mutagenesis and heritable variation of its mutant generation at molecular level.

关 键 词：节水抗旱稻 太空育种 AFLP 突变 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]