地铁车辆地板共振机理分析及解决方案  

Research on abnormal vibration of subway vehicle based on resonance theory

作　　者：郭金莹[1] 王勇[1] 石怀龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机械》2013年第9期6-9,31,共5页Machinery

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2011BAG05B04-A01);铁道部科技研究开发计划(2012J009-A);国家实验室自主课题(2012TPL_T05)

摘　　要：地铁车辆在牵引加速阶段部分车辆车体地板局部出现共振现象,影响旅客乘坐舒适性并损害车辆强度。分析可能引起车体地板共振的因素,提出车体共振问题解决方案。时频谱分析试验测试数据,结果表明,地板振动激扰频率为电机转速的二倍频,即与车辆运行速度相关。理论分析表明弹性联轴节的不对中效应将激发电机转速偶数倍频振动,且频率随速度增加而提高,当接近地板局部固有频率时则引发共振。调整联轴节偏差量后进行测试,结果表明可削弱电机转速的二倍频振动能量,消除激扰源从而解决地板局部共振问题。Resonance phenomenon happens in local area of metro vehicle floor under traction condition, worsening passenger comfort and damaging vehicle strength. Possible factors that may cause resonance were analyzed, and solution was put forward. Experimental test data was analyzed using short-time spectrum theory, and the results show that the floor vibration turbulence frequency is the double frequency harmonic of the motor rotation speed, which is related to vehicle speed. Theoretical analysis shows that the elastic coupling misalignment will inspire even multiple frequency harmonic of the motor＇s rotation speed, and the frequency increases with motor＇s speed. When that is close to the inherent frequency of floor local area, resonance happens Test results after coupling deviation value adjustment show that the double frequency harmonic vibration energy can be weakened, which eliminates the excitation source thus solving the floor local resonance problem.

关 键 词：地铁车辆 异常振动 弹性振动 弹性联轴节 不对中 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程] U260.143[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]