巴西油气领域发展环境浅析  

Development environment of Brazil's oil and gas sector

作　　者：马文浩[1] 曹斌[1] 徐婷 吴浩筠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油规划总院 [2]中国石油集团公司规划计划部

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2013年第8期50-56,109,共7页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：巴西油气资源丰富,经济增长平稳,政治局势稳定,但油气政策相对保守,而且税费高、金融风险大,政府行政效率较低。总体看,巴西在世界主要油气生产国中属于投资风险最低的国家,而且深水开发技术居世界前列。近年来,巴西政府提出了庞大的上游投资计划,希望引入私人资本和外部资本,通过深海油气勘探开发带动本国经济发展。同时,作为金砖国家,中巴两国政府加强战略合作,推动中巴合作特别是油气合作持续升温。建议未来通过多层次合作规避政治和技术风险,采取多元化和属地化策略降低经济风险,并不断加强高层沟通和协调,高度重视企业在当地发展的社会责任,从经济效益和社会效益两方面真正实现两国在油气领域的互利共赢。Alhough Brazil has rich oil and natural gas resources,and stable economic growth and politics,its oil and gas policy is relatively conservative,taxes and royalties are high,financial risks are huge,and government administrative efficiency is quite low.Overall Brazil is among the world's major oil and gas producing countries with the lowest investment risks and its deep-water development technology places it in the world's front ranks.In recent years the Brazilian government has made big upstream investment plans in the hope of promoting national economic development by introducing private capital,foreign capital,and deep-sea oil and gas exploration and development.Also,as member of the BRIC countries,China and Brazil have been strengthening strategic cooperation,especially in oil and gas cooperation,which has shown persistent signs of overheating.Political and technical risk should be avoided through multi-level cooperation;a diversification and localization strategy should be adopted to reduce economic risks;high-level communication and coordination should be continually strengthened;strong emphasis should be placed on the enterprise's social responsibility in local development;and mutual social and economic benefit should be realized in both countries' oil and gas sector.

关 键 词：巴西 油气领域 宏观环境 风险 互利共赢 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]