喷管形式对固体火箭发动机热安全性的影响  

Effect of nozzle type on the thermal safety of solid propellant rocket motors

作　　者：贺朝霞[1] 魏超[2] 曹蕾蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学工程机械学院,西安710064 [2]中国航天科技集团公司第四研究院第四十一所,西安710025

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2013年第8期796-800,共5页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2012JQ1008)

摘　　要：为对比不同喷管形式的固体火箭发动机热安全性,对潜入式和非潜入式喷管固体火箭发动机采用二维轴对称模型和准定常方法进行两相内流场模拟和分析。采用6种不同粒子直径,分别就6组不同状态条件进行计算。对比结果表明,撞击在非潜入式发动机后封头壁面上的粒子数目较多,粒子质量流率、平均速度以及动量比撞击在潜入式发动机上的超出数倍,最大达到20倍,因此粒子对壁面的撞击更为直接,撞击侵蚀更为严重。在其他条件相同的情况下,较大的壁面恢复系数会给予撞击在壁面上的粒子更多的动能,粒子与壁面的接触增加,加重了壁面的撞击侵蚀。In order to study the thermal safety of solid propellant rocket motor with different structures ot nozzles, the internal two-phase flow fields of motor with submerged and nonsubmerged nozzles were calculated and compared based on 2D axisymmet- ric model and quasisteady method. Three levels of particle diameter and six conditions were adopted in the analysis. The results show that there were more particles impacted on the apt-dome of the nonsubmerged nozzle than on that of submerged nozzle under the same condition. The mass flow rate and velocity of particle with nonsubmerged nozzle were 10-20 times higher than those of the submerged nozzle. Meanwhile, the momentum of particles was also several times higher than that of the submerged nozzle. Therefore, the impact of particles on the aft-dome wall of solid motor with the nonsubmerged nozzle is more direct and serious. The greater coefficient of restitution of wall offers more kinetic energy to the particles impacting on the wall, which will cause more particles to contact the wall and aggravate the erosion of the wall of motor.

关 键 词：火箭发动机 固体推进剂 喷管 两相流 热安全性 

分 类 号：V435[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]