“神经症与宗教”的辩证统一—对美国现当代经典诗歌的文化透视  

The Dialectical Unity of Neurosis and Religion--A Cultural Perspective of the Modern and Contemporary American Canons of Poetry

作　　者：张士民[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学外国语学院

出　　处：《世界文学评论（高教版）》2013年第1期61-70,共10页The World Literature Criticism

基　　金：国家社科基金2011年度项目“贝克特文学叙事多元艺术媒介研究”(批准号:11BWW039)初期成果

摘　　要：论文从美国现当代文化语境，结合社会学、精神分析与存在分析以及批判理论，尝试探察美国现当代文学经典化的内在因素。论文认为美国作家同美国社会的疏离使他们获得了创作经典作品的主题——神经症与宗教；在“神经症与宗教”的辩证统一中，美国文学经典继承了莎士比亚的审美自律，一直保持象征高于讽喻、现实与崇高同一的文学美学传统。在此基础上，论文概括分析了美国现当代经典诗歌。作为一个“社会一政治一审美的有机体”，美国诗歌揭示了时代社会的“神经症”和“宗教意识”，在再现这一现实的同时又将自身投射为“神经症”和“替代性的宗教”，并在前者艺术审美和后者信仰牵引之间记录和报道了美国“民族自我发现的经验”。The essay examines the internal elements of the formation of American poetic canons in the cultural contexts of modern and contemporary America and in terms of sociological, psychoanalytical and existential, and critical theories. It argues that the estrangement of American poets from their country brings them the canonical theme--neurosis and reli- gion, and that it is through the dialectical unity of ＂ neurosis＂ and ＂ religion＂ that American literary canons continue Shakespeare＇s aesthetic self-consciousness, keeping up the tradition of symbolism above allegory and the realistic identical with the sublime. It then makes an analysis of modern and contemporary American poetry, holding that a ＂social-politi- cal-aesthetic organism＂, American poetry reflects the ＂neurosis＂ and ＂religious consciousness＂ of the times and society. While representing the reality it in turn projects itself as a ＂neurosis＂ and ＂religious substitute＂, and between the artistic aesthetic of the former and the compelling belief of the latter records and reports the American nation＇s ＂experience of self-discovering＂.

关 键 词：美国诗歌 神经症 宗教 经典 

分 类 号：B516[哲学宗教—外国哲学]