两种鲭科以及其他鱼类松果体窗形态结构的比较  

Comparative study on morphological structure of pineal window in two species of Scombridae and other fishes

作　　者：孙媛媛[1] 王晓杰[1] 宋佳坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物系统与神经科学研究所,上海201306

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2013年第18期111-114,F0003,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30571426);上海市重点学科建设项目(S30701)

摘　　要：为了解鲭科鱼类颅顶松果体窗的结构和其与生活习性、鱼类系统进化的关系,利用光镜、X射线同步辐射技术以及组织石蜡切片技术观察了黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)和日本鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)松果体窗的组织学结构。此外,通过随机取样分属9目17科的20种鱼类标本,检测松果体窗形态结构,分析松果体窗与鱼类进化发育的关系,并探讨其在鱼体可能发挥的生理功能。研究结果表明,具松果体窗的鱼类大都居于近海或淡水水域的底层,松果体窗的产生与它们的生存环境有一定关系,这种特殊的生理结构可以使鱼类在弱光环境中尽可能多地接受光线,让光线到达大脑并调节生理功能。同时,具有洄游特性的海洋鱼类也具有松果体窗结构,这种结构有利于鱼类通过感知光线的变换来确定洄游路线。In order to understand the structure of pineal window, and relationship of pineal window and life habit, fish phylogenetic of Scombridae fishes, histological structure of pineal window in yellowfin tuna （Thunnus albacares） and chub mackerel （Scomber japonicus） were investigated by using anatomy, X-ray and histology methods. Besides, the relation of pineal window, fish phylogenetic relationship and the possible physiological function of pineal window were investigated among fish samples randomly collected from 9 orders and 17 families in 20 species. The results showed that fishes with pineal window normally lived in offshore or benthonic environment, and the existence of pineal window had connection with their living environment. When fishes lived in low light environment, this special structure could let more sun light reach brain and regulate physiological function in fish. In the meantime, migrating species of ocean fish had pineal window, a function of determining migratory route according to perception of light was also inferred.

关 键 词：鲭科 黄鳍金枪鱼 日本鲐鱼 松果体窗 形态结构 

分 类 号：Q174[生物学—水生生物学]