云南苹果新品种抗斑点落叶病鉴定与评价  

Evaluation of Apple Cultivars Resistance to Apple Alternaria Leaf Spot in Yunnan

作　　者：姬盼[1] 王连春[1] 孔宝华[1] 李晓鹏[1] 张彦明 马玉梅 马钧 黄文静 曹克强[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]国家苹果产业技术体系云南综合试验站,云南昆明650000 [3]国家苹果产业技术体系病虫害防控研究室,河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期642-646,共5页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家苹果产业技术体系项目(nycytx-08-04-01;CARS-28-21)

摘　　要：苹果斑点落叶病是引起苹果树早期落叶的主要病害,也是目前在我国苹果产区普遍发生、危害最严重的病害之一,推广和使用抗病品种是控制该病害的有效措施和方法。本研究系统调查了分布在云南的7个苹果品种红富士、新嘎啦、皇家嘎啦、斯维塔、短枝富士、金世纪和玉华富士的田间自然发病率和病情指数,同时进行室内人工接种鉴定。结合两种方法,对7种苹果新品种对斑点落叶病的抗性进行了评价。田间调查结果显示,其余6个品种的抗性均高于现在的主栽品种红富士,适合于在云南推广。室内抗性鉴定结果显示,红富士品种对斑点落叶病的抗性程度是7,其他苹果品种均为5,抗性表现型红富士品种为S(感病),其余品种均为MR(中抗)。本研究为苹果品种的推广使用提供了依据。Apple leaf spot is one of the major diseases causing early stage leaf-cast and serious damage on apple product in China. Breeding and use of resistant varieties are the effective measures to control the dis- ease. In this study, the systematic investigation on disease occurrence and disease index of 7 apple varieties Fuji, Gala, Royal Gala, SiweiTa, spur Fuji, Golden Century and Yuhua Early Fuji were made in fields in Yunnan. The artificial inoculations were carried out simultaneously as well. Combining the two methods, the resistance of 7 new varieties of apple to Apple blotch （Alternaria alternata f. sp. mall） were evaluated. Field investigation showed that the 6 new varieties were higher than the main variety of red Fuji now, suit-able for promotion in Yunnan. The artificial inoculations showed that the resistance grade of the apple varie ties red Fuji was 7 and the other 6 new varieties were 5. The resistance phenotype of the apple varieties red Fuji was S and the other 6 new varieties were MR. The studies provide the basis and resistance for expan ding researched apple varieties against the leaf spot disease in Yunnan.

关 键 词：苹果 斑点落叶病 链格孢苹果专化型 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S436[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]