一株高效油脂降解菌的筛选与降解性能研究  

Isolation,identification and degrading characteristics of a high effective oil-degrading bacterial strain

作　　者：闫红梅[1] 王冬梅[2] 高健[1] 雒晓芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730030 [2]西北民族大学实验中心,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2013年第4期176-180,共5页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：中央高校基本业务费专项资金项目(ZYZ 2011103);校级开放项目;本科生科研资助项目

摘　　要：以大豆油为唯一碳源,经富集、驯化、平板分离初筛和发酵复筛,从学校餐厅下水道废水中筛选高效油脂降解菌株,经形态学、生理生化特征及16SrDNA同源性序列分析鉴定,分析降解时间、温度和油脂种类对降解的影响,测定菌株的脂肪酶酶活性和生物表面活性.结果表明:筛选出1株高效油脂降解菌DX2-6,经鉴定为腐生葡萄球菌;菌株温度环境适应好,在20～40℃范围内,在含10g/L大豆油的培养基中48h内对油脂的降解率达66.2%以上,30℃时降解率最高,达84.7%.该菌株可有效降解各种食用油,具有良好的脂肪酶活性和生物表面活性,在油脂废水处理中有良好的应用前景.Taking the bean oil as only the carbon source, oil-degrading strain was isolated from the sew- age water of the restaurant through enrichment, domestication culture, elected plate separation and fermentation. It was identified by morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence homology analysis. Effects of culture time, temperature and different oil on degrading rate were studied. Lipase and biosurfactant activities were detected. The results indicated that 6 strains of oil-degrad- ing bacteria were isolated, and strain DX2-6 showed the highest degrading rate. The strain was identified as Stapt^ylococcus saprophyticus which showed great environmental adaptation with degrading rate above 66.2% at 10 g/L bean oil after a 48 h cultivation at 20440 ~C. The maximum degrading rate achieved 84. 7~ at 30 ~C. The strain showed high capability of degrading different edible oils and had better lipase and biosurfactant activities. It is suggested that DX2-6 is a high effective oil-degrading strain and has a good application prospect for treatment of oil wastewater.

关 键 词：油脂降解菌 筛选 鉴定 降解特性 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]