北京市朝阳区农村社区居民抑郁状况的影响因素分析  

Impact Factors of Rural Community Residents' Depression Status in Chaoyang District of Beijing

作　　者：朱梅芳[1,2] 张曼华[1] 张婉奇[1] 石扩[1] 张巧玲[1] 杨凤池[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学心理学教研室,北京市100069 [2]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2013年第22期2634-2637,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：科技部国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI77B08);北京市人才强教深化项目-医学人文优秀团队项目

摘　　要：目的探讨北京市朝阳区农村社区居民抑郁状况的影响因素。方法采用自编社会人口学基本信息资料表、自测健康评定量表、自我效能问卷、自尊评估量表、简易应对方式问卷、应激感受量表、患者健康问卷中的抑郁症状群分量表(PHQ-9)和广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、酒精依赖疾患识别测验对北京市朝阳区随机选取的2 000例农村社区居民进行问卷调查。采用Logistic回归对抑郁症状影响因素进行分析。结果抑郁症状的保护因素为心理症状与负向情绪〔OR=0.980,95%CI(0.974,0.987),P=0.000〕、认知功能〔OR=0.958,95%CI(0.938,0.979),P=0.000〕、社会资源与社会接触〔OR=0.978,95%CI(0.965,0.991),P=0.001〕。危险因素为应激感受〔OR=1.121,95%CI(1.091,1.152),P=0.000〕、焦虑症状筛查阳性〔OR=20.988,95%CI(14.456,30.471),P=0.000〕。结论焦虑症状、应激感受、认知功能、心理症状与负向情绪、社会资源与社会接触是抑郁症状的影响因素。对社区抑郁早期人群的心理治疗应针对抑郁早期和(或)焦虑早期症状的人群同时进行,可从认知疗法入手,改善他们的情绪状态,增强认知水平和人际沟通能力,降低焦虑和应激感受水平,减轻自卑、孤独感等。Objective To investigate the impact factors of rural community residents＇ depression status in Chaoyang District of Beijing.Methods The self-designed questionnaire of social demography basic information,Self-rated Health Measurement Scale,Self-efficacy Scale,Self-esteem Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Perceived Stress Scale,Depression Subscales（PHQ-9） Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale（GAD-7） of Patient Health Questionnaire,and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were used to conduct survey among 2 000 community residents randomly chosen for Chaoyang district of Beijing.The Logistic regression analysis was taken for depression impact factors.Results The protective factors for depression symptom were： psychological symptoms and negative emotion 〔OR = 0.980,95% CI（0.974,0.987）,P = 0.000 〕,cognitive function 〔OR = 0.958,95% CI（0.938,0.979）,P = 0.000〕,social resources and social contact 〔OR = 0.978,95% CI（0.965,0.991）,P = 0.001〕.The risk factors were stress feelings 〔OR = 1.121,95% CI（1.091,1.152）,P = 0.000〕and positive anxiety symptom 〔OR = 20.988,95% CI（14.456,30.471）,P = 0.000〕.Conclusion The symptoms of anxiety,feelings of stress.cognitive function,psychological symptoms,negative emotion,social resources and social contacts are the influencing factors of depression symptoms.The psychological intervention must be provided to people with early depression or/ and anxiety.The intervention can start from the cognitive therapy,improving their emotion status,enhancing their cognitive function and communication skill,reducing anxiety and stress feelings,relieving the feelings of inferiority and loneliness.

关 键 词：抑郁 农村 社区居民 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.42[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]