干旱、半干旱地区沙质土壤的防渗节水技术研究  

Study of Preventing Leakage and Saving-Water Technique in Sandy Soil in Semiarid and Arid Region

作　　者：崔湘浩[1] 李秀军[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学化学系,吉林长春130023 [2]中国科学院长春地理研究所,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2000年第4期458-460,共3页Journal of Desert Research

摘　　要：根据有机—无机复合材料的凝胶化原理 ,以水乳液的形式 ,在土壤模拟柱上进行了防渗效果试验 ,得到了从粗沙到亚粘土各类土壤的渗漏量。通过发芽率试验证明材料本身对植物无毒副作用 ,为干旱。This article analyzes the cause of desert enlargement and sums up the researches of some predecessors. On the basis of forming desert soil processes, of which the first is soil granularity changing coarse grain, the second is underground water level rising, an effective measure is put forward to harness desertification by way of increasing soils viscidity, improving soils quality and preventing evaporation and leakage. The experiment, based on the rule that organic\|inorganic compounds produce glue after combining with Ca 2+ in soil and then the glue will obstruct capillary and increase soils viscidity while decrease evaporation, adopts imitate soil\|column method. This glue is called water\|preventing membrane. This measure is proved to be effective in harnessing desert enlargement and in increasing soil density and in decreasing soil evaporation. This glue contents PAA. Different PAA neutralization density and different pH of emulsion can produce water\|preserving membrane with varied quantity and in function of decreasing soil evaporation and preventing soil leakage. Therefore on the basis of different soil that has different vadose coefficient, different PAA neutralization density and different pH of emulsion being used can produce good results of improving the desert soil. Germination experiment shows that this measure does not harm and poison the crops and on the contrary promotes crops germination and growing. This measure has a bright future in harnessing desert enlargement.

关 键 词：节水技术 凝胶化 干旱、半干旱地区 沙质土壤 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学] P941.71[农业科学—农业基础科学]