浒苔对刺参幼参生长影响的初步研究  

Effect of Enteromorpha prolifera on growth of Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：李晓[1] 王颖[1] 吴志宏[1] 刘天红[1] 孙元芹[1] 李红艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省海水养殖研究所,山东青岛266002

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2013年第5期1092-1099,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家海洋局公益性项目(2011418028)

摘　　要：对浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)的一般营养成分、氨基酸及脂肪酸含量进行测定,并以浒苔为原料投喂体质量(5.26±0.14)g的刺参(Apostichopus japonicas Selenka)幼参,与幼参常用饵料如鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)、马尾藻(Sargassum muticum)、海带(Laminaria japonica)进行效果对比。营养成分检测结果显示,浒苔蛋白质含量为15.7%,其中含量较高的氨基酸有天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸等;脂肪含量低(1%),多不饱和脂肪酸比例较高(0.24%);浒苔中各重金属(无机砷、镉、铅、甲基汞)含量均低于国家相关限量标准。以4种海藻为饵料投喂幼参70 d后,各组刺参幼参生长良好,成活率无明显差异(P>0.05),幼参体质量均显著增长(P<0.05);各组刺参的特定生长率(SGR)由高到低依次为鼠尾藻组、浒苔组、马尾藻组、海带组;摄食率(IR)由高到低依次为海带、马尾藻、浒苔、鼠尾藻,饵料转化率(FE)由高到低依次为鼠尾藻组、浒苔组、马尾藻组、海带组。浒苔、鼠尾藻、马尾藻3个投喂组刺参幼参特定生长(SGR)无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著高于海带组(P<0.05)。本研究说明,浒苔蛋白含量高、脂肪含量低,可全部或部分替代鼠尾藻添加到幼参饵料。In recent years, global warming and water eutrophication have led to the proliferation of green marine algae. The proliferation of Enteromorpha prolifer, known as green tide, causes significant harm to the coastal environment. E. prolifera has been used as an edible and medicinal plant since ancient times. It is currently used as a food resource, ingredient, and additive for marine fish, shrimp, and shellfish food. However, there are few reports on its use in sea cucumber aquaculture. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility using E. prolifera as sea cucumber juvenile feed. In this study, general nutrients, amino acids and fatty acids contained in E. prolifera were analyzed. Comparative feeding trials using E. prolifera and common sea cucumber diets （Sargassum thunbergii, Sargassum muticum, and Laminaria japonica） in Apostichopus japonicas with an average body weight of （5.26±0.14） g were conducted. The results of the nutrition test revealed that E. prolifera is a good source of protein. Of the amino acids, Asp, Glu, Ala, and Leu contents were highest. The overall fat content was low, but the polyunsaturated fatty acid content was above normal. The heavy metal （inorganic arsenic, Cd, Pb, and methyl mercury） contents were all lower than the relevant national standard. The results of the feeding trials revealed that during the experiment, each sea cucumber group fed well. There was no significant difference in survival rate among the groups （P〉0.05）. At the end of the trial, the body weight of sea cucumbers fed on each diet had increased significantly （P 〈0.05）. The specific growth rate relationships were S.thunbergi〉E.prolifera〉S.muticum〉 L. japonica. The ingestion rate relationships were L. japonica〉S. muticum〉E. prolifera〉S.thunbergii. The feed efficiency relationships were S. thunbergii〉E. prolifera〉S. muticum〉L. japonica. The differences among the sea cucumber groups fed on S. thunbergii, E. prolifera, and S. muticum were not significant （P〉0.05）, but

关 键 词：浒苔 营养成分 刺参饵料 生长 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]