高等医学院校软环境的现状与影响因素调查  

Current situation and influential factors of intangible environment of medical school

作　　者：章雅青[1] 史晓雨[1] 王皓岑[1] 徐志晶[1] 钱艳[1] 侯晓静 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学护理学院,上海200025 [2]上海科学技术出版社,上海200235

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（医学版）》2013年第9期1287-1291,1296,共6页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University:Medical Science

基　　金：上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(人文社科类)基金(11YS61);上海市教育科学研究市级项目(B11032)~~

摘　　要：目的从学生的视角,了解医学生对高等医学院校软环境的评价并探讨其影响因素。方法选取医学院本科三、四年级的370名学生,采用高校软环境量表、心理控制源(I-E)量表和自我效能量表进行问卷调查。结果医学院软环境总均分为3.58±0.70;学生干部对软环境的评价显著高于非学生干部同学(P<0.01);独生子女对医学院学术氛围的评价低于非独生子女(P<0.05);护理专业学生对学校社会实践环境的评价最高(P<0.01);学习成绩排名后25%的学生对医学院软环境的评价最高(P<0.05);医学院软环境总分和各维度得分与学生心理控制源呈负相关,与学生自我效能感呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。结论本科学生对该高等医学院校的软环境评价较高,但也存在不足,提示学院还应进一步强化学校软实力,优化学校软环境。Objective To assess the intangible environment of medical school from the perspective of medical students, and explore the influential factors. Methods Three hundred and seventy undergraduate medical students of grade 3 and grade 4 were selected, and were surveyed by intangible environment of university scale, internal-external locus of control scale and general self-efficacy scale. Results The total average score of intangible environment of the medical school was 3.58 ± 0.70. The score of intangible environment rated by student cadres was significantly higher than that rated by the rest of students （P 〈 0.01）. The academic atmosphere score rated by only-child students was lower than that rated by non-onlychild students （P 〈 0.05）. The score of social practice rated by nursing students was higher than that rated by the other students （ P 〈 0.01）. The score of intangible environment rated by students whose academic record ranked the last 25% was the highest （P 〈 0.05）. The total average score and score of each dimension of intangible environment were negatively correlated to the score of internal-external locus of control and positively correlated to the score of self-efficacy （P 〈0.01）. Conclusion The medical students hold a relatively higher opinion on the intangible environment of medical school, but also bear some negative attitude, which indicates the medical school should strengthen the soft power and improve the intangible environment.

关 键 词：软环境 医学生 心理控制源 自我效能 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学] R-4[文化科学—教育学]