民族自治地方自治权的功能、限度及价值取向  

The Function,Limit and Value Orientation of Power of Autonomy in National Autonomous Areas

作　　者：张殿军[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连民族学院文法学院,辽宁大连116605

出　　处：《学术界》2013年第9期44-53,305,共10页Academics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(11YJA850029);国家民委民族问题研究项目(2012-GM-036);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(ZJ13RWYB018)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：自治权是国家赋予民族自治地方一般地方国家机关的一种超过一般地方国家机关职权的特殊权力,从而形成民族自治地方自治机关,行使自治权。民族区域自治的目标是国家统一、民族团结与少数民族利益的保护兼顾,但民族自治地方自治权偏重于自治民族的设置不利于实现这一目标。"统一与自治"而不是"集权与分权",才是自治权设计的出发点和落脚点,自治权的配置和行使以不危及国家的安全与统一为基本前提。权利和义务是矛盾的统一体,缺乏义务约束的自治权,会助长民族意识,消解国家认同。提高少数民族的政治参与能力和参与水平,使他们在更高层次上参与国家公共事务的管理,分享国家权力,能够超越自治的边界,加强国家认同,进而上升到对多民族国家的共治范畴,更有利于国家认同和国族建设。Power of autonomy is a kind of special power granted by the state to the ordinary local organs in national autonomous areas,with which the organs of self- government are formed to exercise the power of autonomy. The purpose of regional ethnic autonomy is maintaining national unity and protecting the interests of minorities,but the power of autonomy biased towards the autonomous minorities is unfavorable for the realization of this goal.'Unity and autonomy'instead of 'centralization and decentralization' is the starting point and objective of autonomy design. The configuration and exercise of power of autonomy should be based on not jeopardizing the safety and unification of the country. Rights and obligations are the contradictory unity. The power of autonomy untied with obligations will encourage ethnic awareness and weaken national identity. By improving their ability and level of political participation,the minorities can participate in the higher level management of public affairs and share the state power. Hence,national identity beyond the autonomous boundary is strengthened and co-governance of the multi- national state comes into realization. This is more conducive to national identity and national construction.

关 键 词：民族自治地方 自治权 民族认同 国家认同 民族共治 

分 类 号：D921.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]