45例恐人症的临床研究  

Clinical Study of Anthrophobia (45 Cases)

作　　者：张志华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省精神卫生中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2013年第24期71-74,共4页China Journal of Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨恐人症的分类归属及病因机制。方法对"害怕见人"或"害怕与人对视"为主诉的在山东省精神卫生中心门诊就诊的病例应用自我设计问卷进行调查,共收集病例资料45例。结果 45例中97.7%症状与性爱内容有关,57.7%感自我眼光伤人;80%有敏感性关系观念,100%有认知障碍及自卑抑郁情绪,48.8%伴有强迫观念行为;100%恐惧对象具有选择性及泛化性,88.8%恐惧对象为熟悉的人。60%有发病精神诱因,84.4%家庭不和,86.6%经常遭受打骂,84.4%家庭管教严厉,100%对自己要求严,91.1%有抑郁气质,73.3%有不安全感。结论恐人症与社交恐怖症有明显不同,建议将恐人症作为恐怖症的一个特殊独立类型,便于临床诊治和观察研究。认为恐人症是生物、社会和心理等病因综合作用所致,与气质、性格、家庭管教严厉、自我要求严、社会环境影响及童年少时创伤经历有关;认为其形成机制是"自我"与性本能动机的矛盾冲突,各种症状是"精神防御机制"的表现,目的在于不同程度地满足性本能欲望,维护"超我"的完美。[ Objective ] To probe into the classification and etiological mechanism of anthrophobia. [ Methods ] To investigate patients who come to see doctors at the clinic of Shandong Mental Health Center with main complaints of ＂being afraid to see others＂ and ＂being afraid to make eye contact with others＂ with self-designed questionnaires. Altogether 45 cases were collected. [Results] Symptoms of 97.7% of 45 cases are related with sexual issues, 57.7% feel hurt from eyesight, 80% have concept of sensitive relationship,100% have cognitive disorder and inferiority de- pression,48.8% live with compulsions, 100% are afraid of selective and generalized objects, 88.8% are afraid of their familiars. 60% have mental incentives of their diseases, 84.4% have family dissension, 86.6% often suffer from mal- treatment, 84.4% are disciplined strictly in their family, 100% are strict with themselves, 91.1% are depressive and 73.3% feel insecure. [ Conclusions ] Anthrophobia is obviously different from social phobia. It is suggested that an- throphobia can be considered as a unique type of phobia for convenience of clinical diagnosis and treatment, as well as observation and research. It is thought that anthrophobia is caused by comprehensive factors, such as biological, social and psychological factors and that it is related with personality, characters, strict family disciplines, strict self- requirements, social environments and traumatic experience during their childhoods. The formation mechanism of an- throphobia is considered to be the conflicts between ＂ego＂ and instinct sexual motivation, the symptoms of which are the representation of ＂mental defense mechanism＂ with the aim to satisfy their sexual instinct desire and maintaining the perfection of ＂super-ego＇.

关 键 词：恐人症 分类归属 病因机制 

分 类 号：R749.79[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]