死者人格保护的比较与选择:直接保护理论的确立  

Comparison and Chosen: the Set up of the Direct Protection Theory of the Deceased

作　　者：刘召成[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学 [2]中国人民大学,北京100089

出　　处：《河北法学》2013年第10期87-94,共8页Hebei Law Science

摘　　要：对死者的人格予以保护是我国司法实践中的普遍做法,学说对于这种做法的教义学解释大多采用间接保护理论。这种理论存在内在矛盾和体系障碍,应当借鉴比较法上的做法采用直接保护理论。人的人格包括动态和静态两个方面,人死之后,虽然丧失了人格的动态方面,但其某些人格静态方面能够脱离人的生命而继续,成为人格的继续存在。正是这种继续存在的人格使死者具有了在人格权法律关系中享有部分权利能力的正当性,也使其具有了获得人格权法直接保护的正当基础。因而,死者能够在人格权法律关系中具有人格权,获得人格权法的直接保护,但是需要有保护人代为进行保护。其人格存在的财产性部分和非财产性部分由于属性的不同,分别适用不同的保护规则。The foundation well-accepted to the protection to the deceased is the theory of indirect protection. However, this theory has internal and systematic contradiction, and the theory of direct protection is better. The personality includes active aspect and static aspect, and the former ends with the life but the latter sustain forward the life. Because of the existence of the static aspect of personality, the deceased has the reason to claim for the right to personality and the partial capacity for right in the connection of personality right. A guardian is needed to protect the personality right of the deceased. The personality of the deceased includes commercial aspect and non-commercial aspect, which respectively needs different rules.

关 键 词：死者 直接保护理论 部分权利能力 人格权 

分 类 号：DF526[政治法律—民商法学]