油菜精量联合直播机气力排种系统性能和参数建模  

Modeling for performance and parameters of pneumatic seed-metering system of precision planter for rapeseed

作　　者：廖庆喜[1] 杨松[1] 廖宜涛[1] 丛锦玲[1] 王磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第17期9-15,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51275197);国家油菜产业技术体系专项资助(CARS-13);中央高校基本科研业务费(2011PY021);国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAD01B06)

摘　　要：为了了解油菜精量联合直播机气力排种系统工作参数及排种性能对油菜直播机作业性能的直接影响,该文应用JPS-12排种器性能检测试验台及自行研制的气力式油菜精量排种检测系统,开展了气力排种系统排种器单体负压流量与压强、系统各负压支路输气管压强及系统总负压输气管流量的试验,构建了基于系统总负压输气管流量与各支路输气管流量的神经网络模型,得出了系统总负压流量与风机转速、正压泄气孔大小的关系式及系统各支路输气管压强与流量的转换关系模型;同时以排种系统各行排量一致性变异系数<5%、各排种器单转排量>36粒等为约束方程,建立了以风机转速、排种轴转速及正压泄气孔大小为变量的整数规划模型,研究表明,所建立的系统工作参数及排种性能模型,对排种系统的性能优化与结构改进具有重要的理论价值和实际指导意义。2BFQ-6 precision planter for rapeseed can be used for sowing, fertilization, rotary tillage, stubbing and trenching. Pneumatic seed-metering system is the key component of this planter, and its working parameters and seeding performances directly affect the planter’s operating performances that include the consistency of seeding quantity per row and the stability of the total seeding quantity of the planter. The purpose of this paper was to explore the relationships among the parameters of pneumatic seed-metering system that include flow rate and pressure of each negative pressure branch tube, flow rate of the total negative pressure tube, rotation speeds of the fan and sowing disc, and the outlet size of positive pressure tube. These parameters’ action laws had direct effect on seeding performances of the system, then the models of these relationships and action laws was constructed. So that we could improve seeding performances of the planter by controlling these parameters, and predict the planter’s seeding performances under a certain system condition. On the basis of JPS-12 and testing system of pneumatic seed-metering device for rapeseed, a two-layer Artificial Neural Networks model had been constructed which was about the relationship between flow rate of the total negative pressure tube and flow rate of each branch negative pressure tube. A binary quadratic polynomial model was established to describe the relationship between the flow rate of total negative pressure tube and fan rate, outlet size of positive pressure tube. And according to the regression equation, pressure with flow rate of each negative pressure branch tube was well fitted by testing flow rate and pressure of the seed-metering device. At a certain fan rate and outlet size of positive pressure tube, flow rate of the total negative pressure tube, flow rate and pressure of each negative pressure branch tube could be calculated through these models. This fan rate and outlet size can also be modified by some equations established in thi

关 键 词：农业机械 神经网络 气力装置 系统建模 油菜 整数规划 

分 类 号：S223.24[农业科学—农业机械化工程]