油水乳化液中分散相液滴的力学行为初探──剪切流对油水乳状液分散相液滴集聚的影响  

Investigation of mechanical behaviors of droplets in the discrete phase of oil water emulsion ──Effect of a shear flow on agglo meration of droplets in emulsion

作　　者：胡盟明[1] 董守平[2] 

机构地区：[1]胜利油田设计院,山东东营257000 [2]石油大学,北京102200

出　　处：《流体力学实验与测量》2000年第4期46-50,共5页Experiments and Measurements in Fluid Mechanics

摘　　要：油水分离机械中油水乳状液分散相液滴的力学行为直接影响到分离机械的分离效率。笔者通过在旋转剪切场中油水乳化液稳定特性的实验研究，对剪切对油水分离效率影响进行了初步探索。实验发现不同剪切强度对乳化液分离效率会产生正面或负面的影响。通过分散相液滴界面膜的受力及其在剪力作用下的变形分析，初步解释了剪切场和交变剪切场中乳化液分散相液滴的运动聚集规律，提出可以由其分散相液滴变形的长短径比的特定取值来判断相应的剪切强度对其沉降分离特性的影响。Oil water separation is the main subject in many oil fields in the wor ld. The mechanical behaviors and features of discrete phase droplet in oil wate r emulsion are close related to separator efficiency. In this paper through the shear flow induced by rotation of two concentric barrels, the effect of shear st ress on separation of oil water emulsions was investigated experimentally. Some regulations of discrete droplet movement and agglomeration were discovered. Mea nwhile, a criterion to estimate the effect of a shear flow on separation efficie ncy of emulsions by the distortions of droplet applied by the shear stress was p ro posed. This project provides not only a guide to the subsequent research on the mechanical behaviors and features of separated phase droplet in oil water emuls ion,but also a new way to develop oil water separation facilities of high effi ciency.

关 键 词：乳化液 分散相 剪切流场 离心分离器 油水分离 

分 类 号：TQ051.84[化学工程]