天然气部分预混燃烧的火焰离焰特性实验  

An experimental study of the flame lifting of natural gas in partially premixed gas burners

作　　者：张杨竣[1] 秦朝葵[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2013年第9期115-120,共6页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：天然气组分变化时,末端用户(如民用大气式燃烧器)易出现火焰离焰等燃烧不稳定情况,研究部分预混燃烧器的火焰离焰燃烧特性,对于确保天然气的互换性非常重要。为此,以市场上常见的燃气灶设计参数统计结果为依据,实验设计了一台基准燃烧器,以测试不同天然气组分下的火焰离焰燃烧特性,着重讨论火焰离焰与燃烧器头部温度的关系以及天然气组分对火焰离焰特性的影响。预混燃烧火焰发生离焰时,头部温度与火焰离焰程度互为因果关系;火焰离焰极限值曲线仅由燃烧器结构和气源特性决定,当气源特性一定时,在燃烧器上的火焰离焰极限值曲线即已确定,不存在同一燃烧器上同一气源的不同温度火焰离焰极限值曲线;测试预混燃烧器火焰离焰极限值曲线时,必须保证头部温度恒定,但不需要保证每次测试都在同一温度情况下进行。结论认为:贫组分天然气较之富组分天然气气源更易出现火焰离焰,且出现火焰离焰时头部温度更低;贫气置换富气时,会导致严重的火焰离焰互换问题。Any change in natural gas constituents will lead to unstable combustion such as flame lifting for those domestic end users like natural gas burners. To study the flame lifting property of such partially premixed gas burners is of significance to ensuring the interchangeability of natural gas from multiple sources. In view of this, a precision test burner （PTB） was designed based on an ex tensive survey about 64 sets of common gas cookers. The effect of gas constituents upon flame lifting, the relationship between flame lifting and burner head temperature （of partially premixed gas burners） were experimentally investigated. The following findings were obtained, a. The burner head temperature of lift flame is influenced by lifting degree, and vice versa, b. For a specific partially premixed burner, there exists only one lifting curve when fuelled by a specific gas. This means that the lifting limit curve of a partially premixed gas burner will be defined once the gas source and burner structure are given, c. When the flame lifting limit curve is measured, the burner head temperature must he maintained constant （but unnecessarily the same）, d. Lean natural gas with lower calorific values is more prone to flame lifting compared to rich gas, and the burner head temperature is much lower when flame lift ing happens. When lean natural gas substitutes rich gas, a serious problem of flame lifting will occur.

关 键 词：部分预混燃烧 火焰离焰 天然气 头部温度 互换性 基准燃烧器 极限值曲线 天然气组分 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]