新疆地产乌头属6种植物药及川乌花粉形态研究  

Study on the pollen morphology of six species of Aconitum L. and Aconitum carmichaelii

作　　者：张静[1] 孙芸[1] 王红丽[1] 张帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆名医名方与特色方剂重点实验室,新疆医科大学,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《西北药学杂志》2013年第5期451-453,共3页Northwest Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：新疆高校科研计划重点项目(编号:XJEDU2011I34)

摘　　要：目的对新疆乌头属6种植物药及川乌花粉形态特征进行观察分析,为地产乌头属植物药快速鉴别提供孢粉学依据。方法采用扫描电子显微镜对花粉粒进行观察摄像。结果乌头属6种植物花粉形态的一般特征为:花粉粒椭圆形至细椭圆形,极面观三裂三角圆形至三角形,但川乌极面观呈三裂带帽三角圆形。6种植物的花粉粒可分为2种类型:花粉粒椭圆形,点状纹饰,三沟;花粉粒细椭圆形,点状纹饰,三沟。结论极面观可作为地产乌头与川乌的鉴别依据,但地产乌头属植物之间花粉粒形态没有明显不同之处,所以不宜单独以花粉形态特征作为区分依据。Objective To observe the pollen morphology of six aconitum species growing in Xinjiang,and to establish fast identification method.Methods Scanning electron microscope（SEM）was used.Result The pollen morphology of six species belonging to aconitum species was very similar.Their shape varied from oval to fina oval with punctate sculpture.The pollen grains were all tricolpate.But Aconitum carmichaeli Debx was triangle with a hat.Two pollen types can be distinguished based on the shape of pollen grains,the size of the areole,and the number of the aperture.One type is pollen grains three-colpate,and oval with punctate sculpture;The another type is pollen grains three-colpate,and fina oval with punctate sculpture.Conclusion There is no obvious difference in morphology of the six aconitum species,so it is not suitable for identification only by the morphological characteristics of pollen.

关 键 词：乌头属 哈萨克药 花粉形态 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]