韓非“德”論的邏輯結構及其内部不自洽性——兼論韓非是否有德治思想  

The Inner Logic Structure of Han Fei's Notion of Virtue and Its Inconsistency:on Han's attitude to Moral Rule

作　　者：詹世友[1] 

机构地区：[1]上饒師範學院

出　　处：《国学学刊》2013年第3期127-140,共14页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

基　　金：國家社會科學基金一般項目"美德政治學的功能及其限度"(編號09BZX051)的階段性成果

摘　　要：韓非認為,在一個"争于氣力"的歷史時期,儒家的那種以親情關係為基礎的仁愛慈惠的美德觀,在政治生活中根本行不通,會導致"身危國削"的結局。所以,為了適應時勢,必須為封儒家美德的親情根基進行改塑,認為情感是偏頗的,必須以"道"的虛無性為根,通過領悟道而塑造一種虛静、冷峻的理智品質,從而制定殺伐决斷的法,指向國富兵强的目的,德就是合乎法的理智欲望品質。但由于德本質上是心靈品質的成長,而不能通過高壓、强制而獲得,所以,其德論內在有著不自洽性。In Han Fei s view,Confucian outlook of compassion based on familiar bonds simply gets nowhere in political arena in an age of physical struggle,only endangering and weakening the state and individual.The status quo requires that the kinship ties as the basis of Confucian virtues should be shaped since emotions are biased.Rooted in the nothingness of Tao,one may acquire a kind of cold and rational character in order to make laws which could dictate and determine,leading to military strength and national prosperity.In this sense virtue should be consistent with rational desire of law.However virtue is nurtured by innate soul rather than by force and power,so Han s notion of virtue is self-contradictory.

关 键 词：韩非 德 逻辑结构 不自洽性 

分 类 号：B226.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]