麦克斯韦方程组的研究  

A Study of the Maxwell's Equation Set

作　　者：王士良[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学电子科学与技术系,武汉430074

出　　处：《前沿科学》2013年第3期55-58,共4页Frontier Science

摘　　要：库伦电场强度E_库(=q_库/4πεr^2)与外电源的直流电场强度E大不相同。麦克斯韦方程组由四个方程式组成,其中div D=ρ和curlH=J+D/t中的D是不相同的。前者为库伦电位移D_库(=q_库/4πr^2),它与电介质的电容率ε无关;后者仅仅为真空媒质中的电通密度D_0(=ε_0E),它与非稳态外直流电源的脉动电场成份有关。把两种不同的D库和D0不加区分地捏合在一起,统一用D来表示是不妥的。此方程组的内在矛盾仍然直接影响着如何来定义当代的(绝对)电容率。(绝对)电容率的定义是根椐D=εE呢?还是D_库=εE_库。当代(绝对)电容率的定义需要修改。div D=ρ和curlH=J+D/t也需要分别找到它们自身应有的表达式。The （coulombian） electric field strength E,（=q,/4rceS） and the external source electric field strength H are diametrically difTerent from each other. Maxwell＇s equation set is composed of four equations, the D＇s in the two equations divD=pandcurlH-.l＋aD/Ol of which being different. The （ormer is the （coulombian） electric displacement D, = q/,/3,＇l＂2 and is unrelated to the dielectric coefficient e. while the latter is merely the electric flux density l）=e/-＇ in vacuum media and is closely related to the non-steady-state external I）C source electric field strength E. It is inappropriate to indistinguishably put 1）, and I） that are different together and express them invariably by D. Up to date, the intrinsic contradiction of this equation set is still exerting a direct influence on how to define the contemporary （absolute） permittivity. Is the definition of （absolute） permittivity [）-eE or D,--EH, ？ The present-day definition of （absolute） permittivity is in need of revision. It is also necessa for divD-p and curll-t=.l＋OD/c）t each to find their own expressions.

关 键 词：外电场 电通密度 库伦电场 库伦电位移 高斯 安培 法拉第 麦克斯韦 

分 类 号：O441.1[理学—电磁学]