预处理方式对香蒲和芦苇种子萌发的影响  

Effects of pretreatment on germination of Typha domingensis and Phragmites australis

作　　者：孟焕[1,2] 王雪宏[1] 佟守正[1] 吕宪国[1] 张文广[1] 霍莉莉[1,2] 曹笑笑[1,2] 孟宪坤 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]富锦沿江湿地自然保护区管理局,富锦156100

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第19期6142-6146,共5页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40971053);水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助项目(2012ZX07201004)

摘　　要：有性繁殖是植物种群形成与维持的主要方式。为探索退化湿地的快速恢复方法,为松花江下游退化湿地恢复提供科学依据,本研究开展了香蒲和芦苇种子快速发芽的有性繁殖实验。研究采用滤纸为发芽基质,通过变温培养试验,以未浸种处理为参照,分析了蒸馏水、双氧水(H2O2)、硝酸钾(KNO3)和高锰酸钾(KMnO4)溶液浸种的预处理方式对香蒲、芦苇种子发芽率和发芽速率的影响。结果表明:不同预处理方式对香蒲、芦苇种子的发芽率和发芽速率均具有显著影响。KMnO4溶液浸种再清洗处理条件下,香蒲种子发芽率和发芽速率均显著高于其他处理,平均发芽率可达未浸种处理条件下的3.1倍,发芽速率为16.17±0.80。芦苇种子的发芽率和发芽速率在经KNO3溶液浸泡再清洗处理后效果最佳,种子发芽率达96%—99%,发芽速率达28.43±0.71。因此,分别对香蒲、芦苇种子采用KMnO4和KNO3溶液浸泡再清洗的预处理方式可以缩短出苗时间,提高发芽率,从而加速湿地植被恢复进程。Global changes and human activities have negative effects on the wetland habitats, which decrease the area of wetland, reduce species diversity, and hinder the ecological functions. Wetland restoration, especially dominant plants restoration is critical and urgent to improve wetland conditions and areas worldwide. As the largest tributary of the Heilong River, Songhua River drains nearly 70% of the Northeast China＇s land area. The riparian wetland along the downstream of Songhua River is suffering from ecological degradation of native vegetation. Typha domingensis （T. domingensis） and Phragmites australis （P. australis） are two dominant species in this basin, and play an important role in sustaining regional environmental functions. Seeds are produced annually, which would allow ample opportunities for colonization by sexual propagation. Seed propagation is considered to be an effective and feasible technique for vegetation restoration. In order to explore the optimal seed-soaking reagents to accelerate seed germination of T. domingensis and P. australis, the pure live seeds of both species were collected from a riparian wetland along the downstream of Songhua River （4716＇39.4.＂ N, 13202＇44.2＂ E）, and the seeds germination experiment was conducted in incubator （LRH-250-GS II, China） with an alternating diurnal regime of 12 h of daylight at 25 ℃ and 12 h of darkness at 15 ℃ in laboratory. Effects of 8 different pretreatments （untreated, soaking with distilled water, soaking with 0.1% H2O2, soaking with 0.1% H2O2 and then rinsing with distilled water, soaking with 0.1% KNO3, soaking with 0.1% KNO3 and then rinsing with distilled water, soaking with 0.1% KMnO4, soaking with 0.1% KMnO4 and then rinsing with distilled water, respectively） on germination percentage （GP） and germination speed （GS） of T. domingensis and P. australis seeds are observed for 10 days. For each treatment, 100 seeds （four replicates） were placed on a layer of Whatman grade No.1 filter paper （pH 7

关 键 词：种子萌发 预处理方式 香蒲 芦苇 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]