科研立题论证评估方法探讨  

Assessing argumentation in research question justification:A preliminary study

作　　者：吴旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2013年第5期681-691,799,共11页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

摘　　要：研究问题是科研的关键,它不仅规定了研究的内容、手段和方法,还决定着研究的成败。目前对研究问题的评估主要依靠外部标准,容易受评估者个人观点的影响,无法保证评估结果的公平。为寻求更为客观的评估方法,本研究尝试从分析科研立题论证的特点入手,借鉴论证结构研究方面的理论,制定科研立题论证评估法。具体做法是:(1)在分析科研立题论证特点的基础上识别立题论证所需信息,建立信息之间的内在联系;(2)根据所需信息及其之间的关系,借鉴Freeman(1991)的论证逻辑质疑法,规定评估内容和制定评估步骤;(3)建立科研立题论证评估表,将评估方法操作化。文章最后介绍了评估表的使用方法,并对未来研究提出建议。Research questions play a vital role throughout the process of scientific research,because they determine not only the what and the how of the research,but also their chances of success.Current methods of research question assessment,however,mostly adopt externally-imposed criteria,which make assessment susceptible to the assessor's bias,thus threatening the fairness of assessment.To address the problem,the present study develops a special method for assessing argumentation in research question justification.This is achieved by analyzing the features of argumentation in research question justification,drawing upon theories of argumentation.The steps followed are:(1)Based on the above-mentioned feature analysis of argumentation,identify the types of information that should be included when justifying research questions,and establish the relationship between the identified types of information.(2)On the basis of(1),specify what should be assessed and how by adapting the argument challenging questions proposed by Freeman(1991).(3)Operationalize the assessment by developing the Checklist for Assessing Argumentation in Research Question Justification.The study ends with an explanation of how to use the Checklist,followed by suggestions for further research in this under-explored area.

关 键 词：科研立题 论证 评估 实证研究 

分 类 号：G304[文化科学]