罗田栗实致腐真菌的分离鉴定及拮抗菌筛选  

Isolation, Identification and Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria of the Pathogenic Fungi in Chinese Chestnut from Luotian County

作　　者：华娟[1,2] 李淋玲[1,2] 程华[1,2] 程水源[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄冈438000 [2]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第25期102-107,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：2011中央财政林业科技推广示范项目"板栗良种绿色栽培技术集成示范与推广"(2011BH0032);湖北省自然科学基金重点项目"湖北省板栗良种早熟丰产结实机理及栽培调控技术的研究"(2010CBB03901);湖北省教育厅中青年基金项目"罗田板栗贮藏过程中霉变机理及绿色保鲜剂开发"(Q20132909);黄冈师范学院产学研合作项目"提高罗田板栗贮藏保鲜效果的若干技术研究与示范"(2012025903)

摘　　要：为了探索生物防治板栗腐烂病的方法,采用组织分离法从罗田栗实中分离纯化致腐真菌并对其进行形态学观察,通过rDNA ITS序列同源性比对及聚类分析对病原菌进行分子鉴定,并利用平板对峙法筛选抗板栗腐烂病的拮抗菌。结果表明:分离的真菌经鉴定分属11个种,其中4种菌在霉变栗实上占优势,分别是匍枝根霉(Rhizopus stolonifer)、栗疫菌(Cryphonectria parasitica)、扩展青霉(Penicillium expansum)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger),且栗疫菌(Cryphonectria parasitica)和扩展青霉(Penicillium expansum)的分离率最高,供筛的拮抗细菌中有3株对板栗优势致腐真菌有抑制作用,其中荧光假单孢杆菌对板栗优势致腐真菌中的栗疫菌和青霉菌的抑制圈直径超过10 mm。In order to develop a method for biological control of chestnut canker, tissue isolating method was used to isolate and purify the pathogenic fungi, which were observed by morphological method, rDNA ITS sequences analysis was used to identify the taxonomic status, antagonistic bacteria against chestnut pathogenic fungi were screened through fiat confrontation method. The results showed that the pathogenic fungi isolated from the Luotian chestnut, identified into 11 species. 4 of those pathogenic fungi were in the ascendant, which was Rhizopus stolonifer, Cryphonectria parasitica, Penieillium expansum, Aspergillus niger. The isolating rates of Cryphoneetria parasitica and Penieillium expansum were higher than other isolated pathogenic fungi. 3 antagonistic bacteria had antimicrobial activities to dominant fungi ITS4 and ITS6 isolated from Luotian chestnut, of which Pseudomonas fluorescens showed higher resistant to ITS4 and ITS6, the diameter of its inhibition zone was more than 10 mm.

关 键 词：罗田板栗 致腐真菌 分离鉴定 ITS区 

分 类 号：S37[农业科学—农产品加工]