中国雪灾评估研究综述  

Review on Snow Disaster Assessment in China

作　　者：吴玮[1,2] 秦其明[1] 范一大 杨思全 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]民政部国家减灾中心减灾和应急工程民政部重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《灾害学》2013年第4期152-158,共7页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAH29B03;2012BAK19B04;2008BAK49B01;2008BAK49B07);国家自然科学基金(41101516)

摘　　要：雪灾评估是灾害管理必不可少的一项基础性工作,是政府和社会关注的重大现实问题。系统阐述雪灾风险评估、灾情评估的概念内涵和主要内容,总结中国雪灾评估的研究进展与应用成果,评述了雪灾评估的代表性技术手段和方法。在此基础上,指出现阶段在损失预评估、脆弱性评估、非牧区雪灾评估、灾害模拟评估、遥感实物量评估等方面研究还很薄弱,存在评价标准不统一的问题。最后,展望雪灾评估的发展趋势,从加强雪灾成灾机理与综合风险研究、发展多种雪灾评估方法的综合应用技术、完善雪灾评估标准等角度提出对策建议。Snow disaster assessment, which is a basic work for disaster management, is a widely concerned issue to government and society. Firstly, the connotation and main contents of snow risk and disaster assessment are presented. Then, we review the research progress and application achievements of snow disaster assessment. In addition, some representative techniques and approaches of disaster assessment are discussed. On this basis, we find that there are no unified standards for snow disaster assessment and point out that current research is weak in disas- ter losses pre-assessment, vulnerability assessment, non-pastoral snow disaster assessment, disaster simulation as- sessment and physical quantity loss assessment by remote sensing. Finally, we look ahead to the tendency of snow disaster assessment. Besides, some suggestions are put forward, including enhancing the research of disaster mech- anism and integrated risk, strengthening integrated apphed capacity of multiple methods as well as improving the snow disaster assessment standards.

关 键 词：雪灾 风险评估 灾情评估 中国 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] S427[农业科学—植物保护]