基于公里网格数据的地震救援区域划分方法  

Earthquake Rescue Region Classification Based on Grid Data

作　　者：丁文秀[1,2] 卓力格图[3] 李晓莉[4] 特木其勒[1] 张亦梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震研究所,湖北武汉430071 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地空学院,湖北武汉430071 [3]内蒙古自治区地震局,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特010020 [4]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《灾害学》2013年第4期221-228,共8页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家软科学计划"大震巨灾应急救援关键技术的发展战略预研究"(2010GXS5B156);中国地震局地震研究所所长基金"基于网格数据的地震受灾人口估算"(IS201056070);中国地震局地震行业科研专项"南北地震带区域基础数据更新与数据模式转换"(201108002)

摘　　要：地震救援区域的划分是搜救工作的基础,且不同的救援区域面临的救援难度也不一样。房屋倒损是造成人员伤亡的主要因素,同时也是衡量救援难度的主要指标。除此以外救援队还受灾区的自然地理条件、交通状况等因素的影响。以公里网格的房屋倒损程度作为救援区域划分的主要指标,在此基础上,结合地形地貌、气候等自然地理因素,实现对地震灾区救援区域的分级划分。通过对救援区域的划分,同一分区内的救援工作难度相似,对救援能力、搜救设备类型、救援物资的需求都较为一致。不仅对压埋人员分布及救援难度一目了然,而且也为救援力量、物资的合理调度分配、指挥决策提供科学依据。最后,以2010年玉树7.1级地震为例,实现玉树灾区救援区域的划分。The difficulty of rescue tasks varies from region to region. Although the rescue team is affected by the natural, geographical conditions, traffic conditions and other factors, collapsed houses are a main indicator to measure the diffieuhy of rescue tasks. In this paper, the disaster grid within the various types of housing damage and easuahies＇ distribution was estimated according to the grid population and housing data as well as evaluate vul- nerability, which was a main indicator of the division rescue region of earthquake. Based on it, the earthquake res- cue regional classification was divided with the local topography, climate and other natural geographical factors, by which girds of each rescue regional classification have same difficult and the requirement of rescue ability, rescue e- quipment types, relief supplies are relatively consistent. Through the classification of earthquake rescue region, distribution of casualties and rescue difficuhy was confirmed and scientific evidence for the allocation of relief sup- plies, equipments and rescue workers was provided. At Last, the earthquake of Yushu in 2010 is analyzed by the mentioned method.

关 键 词：地震救援 区域划分 公里网格数据 玉树7 1级地震 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]