宅基地流转中的主体行为分析——兼论农民利益保护  

Analysis of Subject Behavior in the Transfer of Rural Residential Land:With Additiional Studies on the Protection of Interests of Peasantry

作　　者：孙秋鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院-琼州学院理论创新基地

出　　处：《经济评论》2013年第5期52-60,共9页Economic Review

摘　　要：征收宅基地成为地方政府增加城市建设用地和弥补农地占用的重要渠道。现有宅基地制度和土地征收制度,赋予了地方政府宅基地垄断征收权和城市建设用地一级市场垄断供给权,严重损害了农户的经济利益,降低了土地配置效率和全社会福利水平。对农户宅基地流转范围的限制,使农户选择中存在角点解,进一步降低了农户的谈判能力。宅基地征收过程中,农户的抵制和政府的惩罚,大幅增加了交易成本,降低了政府使用行政权力整理土地的效率,也减缓了城镇化推进速度。改革的方向应当是彻底破除地方政府宅基地垄断征收权,政府只负责土地规划、用途管制和使用过程的监管,通过税收方式分享土地增值收益,赋予农户宅基地与城市居民住宅相同的权利,允许自由的进行市场交易。Expropriation of rural residential land has become an important channel for local governments to increase urban construction land and make up for occupied agricultural land. The existing current regulation of rural residential land and land expropriation system, giving local governments the monopoly right to expropriate rural residential land and supply for urban construction land, has caused serious damage to the economic interests of peasantry and reduction in both land allocation efficiency and the whole level of social welfare. The restriction of the rural residential land transaction scope results in the corner solution selection of peasantry, with which further weakens their negotiation ability. During the procedure of the rural residential land expropriation, the transaction cost increases dramatically because of peasantry＇ s resistance and the government＇ s punishment. Increased transaction cost not only leads to the consolidation of land use administrative powers reduced efficiency, but also slows the advanced speed of urbanization. This article also gives a direction for future reform： completely crashing the monopoly right of local governments to expropriate rural residential land; and the local governments are only responsible for land usage planning, usage control and regulatory process, and local governments can share the revenue of land appreciation by land value - added tax; and rural residential land and urban residential land should be given to the same powers, and government should permit the free market transaction.

关 键 词：宅基地 土地征收 土地垄断 地方政府农民利益保护 

分 类 号：F301.3[经济管理—产业经济]