新源县447名哈萨克族中学生营养与体质健康状况分析  

Analysis of the nutritional and physical conditions of 447 Kazakh junior high school students in Xinyuan County

作　　者：王明霞[1] 吐尔逊江.买买提明[1] 武杰[2] 袁帅[1] 郝婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学营养与食品卫生学教研室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆师范大学体育学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第18期3380-3382,3386,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十一五"规划2009年度教育学课题(BLA090075)

摘　　要：目的了解新疆哈萨克族中学生膳食营养和身体素质状况。方法采用24 h膳食回顾调查法对学生的日常膳食进行调查;同时根据《学生体质健康标准》的测试要求,对学生进行体质测试,并与国家水平进行比较。结果学生膳食营养素摄入达不到推荐标准,除了蛋白质摄入基本合理以外,脂肪摄入过低,而碳水化合物摄入过高;钙、铁、锌、硒摄入不足,磷和钾摄入过量,钠摄入严重过量;VA、VB1、VB2和尼克酸摄入不足,而VE和VC摄入过多。学生身高、体重、立定跳远和坐位体前屈均低于国家水平,只有肺活量和肺活量水平高于国家水平;体重指数方面有60%以上学生体重过轻。结论该地区哈萨克族学生营养状况不容乐观,建议采取相应措施,例如倡导膳食平衡、增加体育锻炼,以增强学生的身体素质。OBJECTIVE Dietary nutritional and physical conditions of Kazakh junior high school students in Xinjiang were assessed. METHODS Daily diets of the students were surveyed using a 24h dietary retrospective investigation, and physical examinations were conducted on the students as described in Physical Health Standards for Students to determine their physical conditions, which were then compared with the national levels. RESULTS Intake of dietary nutrients among the students did not meet the recommended levels. While protein intake among the students was within a reasonable range, fat intake was too low and carbohydrate level was too high; in addition, intake of insufficient calcium, iron, zinc, and selenium, excessive phosphorus and potassium, and overly excessive sodium, as well as insufficient VA, VBI, Vpp, and VB2 and excessive VE and VC, were observed. Heights and weights of the students and their performances in standing long jump and sit-andreach were poorer than the national level; only the levels of lung capacity and vital capacity surpassed the national level. In terms of their body mass indexes, over 60% of the students were considered underweight. CONCLUSION Nutritional condi- tions of Kazahk students in the region are not satisfactory. Taking effective measures, such as maintaining a balanced diet and staying physically active, are needed to improve the physical conditions of the students.

关 键 词：哈萨克族 初中学生 营养状况 体质状况 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]