上海市黄浦区居民膳食结构和生活方式的变迁  

Changes in dietary structure and lifestyle among residents of Huangpu District of Shanghai City

作　　者：马立芳[1] 何霭娜[1] 徐洁[1] 周伟民[1] 周建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200023

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第18期3387-3389,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市优秀青年医学人才培养基金[沪卫人(2004)80号]

摘　　要：目的了解黄浦区居民1992~2007年膳食结构和生活方式的变迁,以便未来采取针对性干预措施。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,对上海市黄浦区365名居民开展生活方式调查;同时开展24 h膳食调查,并与1992年、1999年、2002年和2005年的营养调查资料进行比较。结果鱼虾类、畜禽肉类、蔬菜、水果、奶类的消费量分别为95.1g、146.2 g、271.3 g、104.8 g和118.7 g,较1999年上升25.2 g、30.5 g、126.1 g、74.5 g和50.3 g。谷类消费290.1 g,盐消费8.1 g,较1999年下降190.4 g和2.5 g。谷类供能比下降13.6%;优质蛋白质比例上升15.7%;动物性食物供脂肪比较1992年上升13.0%。家庭年人均收入在5 000元及以上的占90.4%;从事轻体力劳动职业者占93.2%,均高于2002年水平。平均每天睡觉时间为（7.6±1.1）h。参加体育锻炼率为18.9%,较2002年下降6.2%。结论膳食质量明显改善,但结构仍不合理。生活水平提高,体力活动减少。需要在社区开展持续性整合性的营养干预。OBJECTIVE Changes in dietary structure and lifestyle among residents of Huangpu District between 1992 and 2007 were studied, aiming to provide insight into the development of proper interventive measures. METHODS Lifestyle of 365 residents of Huangpu District of Shanghai City was surveyed using a multi-staged cluster sampling method. A 24 h dietary survey was also conducted, and the results were compared with results of nutrition surveys for the years of 1992, 1999, 2002, and 2005. RESULTS The consumption of fish and shrimps, meats, vegetables, fruits, and diary products were 95.1g, 146.2g, 271.3g, 104.8g, and 118.7g, respectively; the numbers were 25.2g, 30.5g, 126.1g, 74.5g, and 50.3g higher than those for the year of 1999. Cereals and salts consumptions were 290.1g and 8.1g, respectively, and were 190.4g and 2.5g lower than those for the year of 1999. The percentage of energy from cereals decreased by 13.6%, while the percentage of high-quality proteins increased by 15.7% ; and the percentage of fat from animal-based foods was 13.0% higher than that for the year of 1992. 90.4% of the surveyees had an annual household income of at least $5 000 RMB, and 93.2% of these surveyees were involved in light labor jobs; both of the numbers were higher than those for the year of 2002. The average sleep time was 7.6 ± 1.1 hr per day; and 18.9% of the surveyees participated in regular physical activities, which was lowered by 6.2% as compared to that for the year of 2002. CONCLUSION While the quality of diet has signifi- cantly improved, diet of the residents has not been well structured. Meanwhile, the residents have become less physically ac- tive as their quality of live improves. Therefore, a continuous integrative nutritional intervention is needed for the community.

关 键 词：膳食结构 生活方式 变化趋势 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]