肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血风险评估及预防策略  

Risk Assessment and Prevention of Gastroesophageal Varices and Variceal Hemorrhage in Cirrhosis

作　　者：钟碧慧[1] 王锦萍[1] 林菁华[1] 晁康[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院消化内科,广州510080

出　　处：《中国实用内科杂志》2013年第9期690-693,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine

摘　　要：食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血是肝硬化常见并发症之一。由肝硬化所致食管胃底静脉曲张形成后即进行性进展，约1／3患者出现曲张静脉破裂出血，出血后未采取预防措施者再出血率高达60％，病死率为15％～30％。静脉曲张出血风险主要依据内镜下所见静脉曲张程度以及肝脏储备功能判断。预防措施以非选择性β-受体阻滞剂及内镜治疗为主，急性出血后可短期预防性使用抗生素。Esophageal gastric varices is one of the most common complications of fiver cirrhosis. The disease develop pro-gressively as soon as the formation of Gastroesophageal varices, with a bleeding rate of about one third. The risk of recurrent variceal hemorrhage and mortality are as high as 60% and 15% -30% in patients with no prevention treatment, respective-ly. Evaluation of Varices bleeding risk is mainly rely on endoscopic finding and liver function. Preventive measures mainly include nonselective beta blockers and endoscopic treatment. A short duration of antibiotic prophylaxis may be benefit pa-tients after the acute bleeding.

关 键 词：肝硬化 静脉曲张出血 风险评估 Β受体阻滞剂 内镜治疗 

分 类 号：R575.2[医药卫生—消化系统]