心血管内科住院患者医院感染的临床特征分析  

Clinical features of nosocomial infections in patients in Cardiovascular Medicine

作　　者：程晓丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院心内四科,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2013年第8期750-752,共3页Journal of Pathogen Biology

摘　　要：目的分析心血管内科患者发生医院感染的临床特征,为其预防和治疗提供科学依据。方法对本院2010年1月~2012年6月住院的心血管内科合并医院感染的患者采用回归分析进行调查研究,通过查阅、整理、相关资料,分析心血管内科患者医院感染的感染发生率、感染部位、高危影响因素及对预后的影响。结果心血管内科医院感染137例,感染发生率为14.72%;患者发生感染部位以呼吸道感染为主,其中下呼吸道感染占44.53%,上呼吸道感染占23.36%,泌尿生殖道感染占15.33%,胃肠道感染占11.68%,皮肤软组织感染占10.22%,其他感染占7.30%;年龄≥60岁、住院时间≥30d、合并基础疾病、心力衰竭、侵入性操作等为医院感染的高危因素;感染组病死率高于非感染组（χ2=15.0,P〈0.05）。结论心血管内科患者医院感染率较高,感染部位以呼吸道感染为主且与多种因素相关。应严格遵守操作规范,合理使用抗菌药以有效降低和控制医院感染的发生。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients in Cardiovascular Medicine with a nosocomial infection in order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections.Methods Regression analysis was used to study nosocomial infections in patients in Cardiovascular Medicine at this hospital from January 2010-June 2012.Relevant data were referenced and organized.The incidence of a nosocomial infection in patients in Cardiovascular Medicine,the site of infection,risk factors for infection,and the effect of the infection on the patient＇s prognosis were analyzed.Results Of the patients in Cardiovascular Medicine,137developed a nosocomial infection for a rate of infection of 14.72%.The site of infection was most often the respiratory tract infection,with an infection of the lower respiratory tract accounting for 44.53% and an infection of the upper respiratory tract accounting for 23.36%.Other sites of infection were the urinary and reproductive tract（15.33%）,gastrointestinal tract（11.68%）,skin and soft tissue（10.22%）,and other sites（7.30%）.Risk factors for a nosocomial infection were being 60years of age or older,being hospitalized≥30d,having an underlying illness,suffering heart failure,and undergoing invasive surgery.Patients with a nosocomial infection had a higher mortality rate compared to those without an infection（χ2=15.0,P0.05）.Conclusion Patients in Cardiovascular Medicine had a higher rate of nosocomial infection.The main site of infection was the respiratory tract,and many factors were associated with a nosocomial infection.Rules for procedures should be strictly followed and antimicrobials should be used rationally to reduce and control the incidence of nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：心血管内科 医院感染 临床特征 

分 类 号：R743.34[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]