儿童白癜风371例临床特点分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics of 371 cases of childhood vitiligo

作　　者：葛宏松[1] 曹婷婷[1] 张成[1] 周洁[1] 冉颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省立儿童医院皮肤科,合肥230032

出　　处：《安徽医学》2013年第9期1306-1308,共3页Anhui Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的总结分析371例儿童白癜风的临床资料,了解儿童白癜风的临床特点,对该型白癜风早期预防及治疗提供依据。方法采取调查问卷方式收集近3年来安徽省立儿童医院皮肤科确诊的352例儿童白癜风,并对临床资料进行整理、统计分析。结果儿童白癜风患者共371例,其中男童226例(60.9%),女童145例(39.1%),平均(7.0±2.83)岁,平均病程为(24.0±23.86)个月,平均发病年龄为(6.65±2.77)岁。皮损面积小于1%占237例(63.88%),单侧分布219例(59.03%),双侧分布152例(40.97%),累及头颈部208例(56.07%)最多。局限性白癜风多见,夏季好发。36例(9.7%)有家族史,246例(66.31%)处于进展期,20例(5.39%)伴有晕痣,精神因素16例(4.31%)、外伤史11例(2.97%)、发热后发病8例(2.16%)、装修及可能环境污染7例(1.87%)、日晒6例(1.62%)是儿童白癜风主要的诱发因素。结论儿童白癜风同成人白癜风比较有许多不同的临床特点,儿童白癜风是白癜风的特殊类型。Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of 371 cases of childhood vitUi- go, and to provide information for prevention and proper treatment. Methods Questionnaires were used to collect the clinical data on 371 childhood vitiligo patients diagnosed at the Department of Dermatology of Anhui Provincial Childreng Hospital in recent 3 years. Results Of the 371 children, 226（60.9% ） were boys and 145 （39, 1% ） were girls. The mean age of the disease was （7.0 ＋ 2.83） years. The mean age of onset of the disease was （6.65 -＋ 2.77 ） years. The average course of the disease was （ 24.0 ＋ 23.86） months. Less than 5 % of the body surface was involved in 237 cases （63.88%）. Head and neck （208, 56.07% ） were the most frequent sites of onset in children. The most common clinical type was localized type; the common season of onset was summer; 36 cases （9.7%） had family history, 246 patients （66.31%） were in advanced stage, 20 cases （5.39%） with halo nevus, and 16 cases （4.31%） with abnormal mentality. Trauma history, fever, environmental pollution and insolation factors were the main triggers of children with vitiligo. There was significant difference in the incidence of rural and urban children （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Difference of clinical characteristics between childhood and adults vitiligo is obvious. Our results suggest that childhood vitiligo is a distinct subtype of vitiligo.

关 键 词：白癜风 儿童 流行病学 

分 类 号：R758.41[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]