中国科学创新能力(2000-2010)评价  

Evaluation on China's Capacity of Innovation in Science in the Past Ten Years

作　　者：马佰莲[1] 李正风[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学马克思主义学院,山东济南250100 [2]清华大学科学技术与社会研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2013年第5期82-87,127,共6页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项基金项目(70941010);国家教育部人文社科规划项目(12YJAZH089)

摘　　要：在关于如何评价中国科学创新能力问题上,学术界存在两种相反的观点:一种认为中国作为一个科学超级大国的出现已成定局,中国的科学和技术有着光明的未来;另一种认为中国的科研文化问题多多,导致科学研究中的欺诈行为蔓延,阻碍了科学的进步。这两种观点表面上看是结论的差异,实质是评价方法论上有分歧。从国家经济社会发展的阶段特征、制度环境、时代背景等宏观视角出发,结合实证分析,我们发现,中国科学家在有限时间内和有限资源条件下为推进科学的进步做出了巨大贡献,目前整体上处在从数量的快速增长向创新质量稳步提升转型的新阶段。为了完成这一转变,需要在大幅度提高R&D经费投入强度的情况下,从根本上改革目前的资源分配制度。As far as the issue of how to evaluate scientific innovation capability is concerned, there are two opposing viewpoints.One is a positively optimistic attitude, and the other is an attitude of anxiety. On the surface this is the difference between conclusions while in essence, it is the difference in evaluation methodology. Scientific innovation capacity is an integrated system which includes a variety of elements. Therefore, it requires a combination of a variety of methods for multi-dimensional and multi-angle study and analysis to objectively and accurately evaluate a country's scientific innovation capability. Chinese scientists have made tremendous contributions to the progress of world science in a limited period of time and under conditions of limited resources. Scientific innovation capacity in China is now in the new stage of transition from the rapid increase of quantity to the steady improvement of quality. To accomplish this transformation, we need not only to dramatically increase the intensity of investment in R&D expenditures, but also fundamentally reform the current system of resource allocation.

关 键 词：中国 科学创新能力 R＆D投入 能力评价 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]