零售市场中的价格波动与市场势力  

Price Fluctuation and Market Power in Retail Market

作　　者：朱勤[1] 俞航东[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学经济学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]宁波市发展和改革委员会价格监审局,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2013年第10期121-133,共13页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"全球价值链中我国企业创新型市场势力提升研究--基于纵向控制的视角"(批准号71073143);国家自然科学基金项目"跨国创业导向与国际化绩效:影响机理和实证研究"(批准号71173195)

摘　　要：本文以食用油行业为例,利用2009—2012年全国11个副省级城市的企业水平统计数据,对零售市场中产品价格波动与企业市场势力的关系进行了经验研究。检验结果发现,价格波动对零售商可实现的市场势力程度具有显著影响,当价格处于上涨阶段时,零售商跨期价格上涨幅度大于当价格处于下降阶段时零售商跨期价格的下跌幅度。这表明零售商有能力利用价格信息不对称及价格传递的不完全,以"模糊策略"来提升自身的市场势力溢价。进而,本文基于浙江省5个城市的监测数据,对食用油零售行业中企业市场势力水平进行了估算,得到其市场势力溢价程度为18%。据此推算,5个样本城市若能提高食用油零售行业的竞争程度,在2009—2012年总计存在着增进70多亿元社会福利的空间。最后,本文具体从价格分析、标准规范及行业监管等方面系统地提出了相关政策建议。This paper investigates empirically the relationship between the fluctuation of price in retail market and firm＇s market power, using an administrative data set of edible oil at firm＇s level from 11 vice-provincial cities of China from 2009 to 2012. The result shows that the fluctuation of price has evident effect on firm＇s realizable scale of market power, and the extent of retailer＇s intertemporal price markup is greater as price rising up than as it＇s falling down. This is evidence for those retailers have the capacities of implementing obfuscation strategy to expand their market power, taking the advantage of asymmetry of price information and incompleteness of price pass-through during the different periods of price＇s fluctuation. Furthermore, the paper measures the extent of retailers＇ market power in edible oil sector with a unique data set of 5 cities in Zhejiang province, and shows that the markup ratio reaches to 0.18. According to this result, the social welfare can be enhanced by an extent of more than 7 billions RMB totally in these 5 cities from 2009 to 2012. Finally, it provides some relevant policy implications from aspects as monitoring of firm＇s behaviors, normalization of their pricing strategy and supervision of large retail enterprises.

关 键 词：市场势力 价格波动 零售业 福利 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]