ABC和BC干粉抑制92号汽油蒸气-空气混合物爆炸效果研究  

A Study on Explosion Suppression Effect of No. 92 Gasoline Vapor-air Mixture Using ABC and BC Dry Powders

作　　者：张跃[1] 张景林[1] 张包民[1] 王晶晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2013年第8期53-58,共6页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：为研究干粉组成及粒径对其抑制汽油蒸气与空气混合物爆炸效果的影响,以92号汽油为例,在220 L爆炸罐基础上建立一整套可燃气体(液体蒸气)抑爆研究装置。选取磷酸铵盐、超细磷酸铵盐和钠盐3种干粉为抑爆剂。通过时间继电器调节点火时间,在油气爆燃转爆轰阶段喷射干粉,比较抑爆前后汽油蒸气爆炸的峰值压力、压力上升速率和能量的变化。试验结果表明:铵盐对汽油蒸气的抑爆效果优于钠盐,适当降低磷酸铵盐的粒径有利于提高气体抑爆效果。超细铵盐抑制汽油蒸气爆炸的效果最佳,能降低58.5%的汽油爆炸压力和31.6%的爆炸能量,3种干粉的最佳抑爆质量浓度分别为:超细铵盐0.682 g/L,铵盐0.228 g/L,钠盐0.455 g/L。The influences of dry powders＇composition and particle size on explosion suppression effect of gasoline vapor-air mixture were researched taking No. 92 gasoline as an example. A complete set of explosion suppression device to combustible gases （liquid vapor） was set up on basis of 220 L explosion cans. Three dry powders of ammonium phosphate, superfine ammonium phosphate and sodium salt were chose as suppressant. Dry powder was sprayed during deflagration to detonation of oil vapor by time relay adjusting the ignition timing. The changes of peak pressure, rate of pressure rise and energy of gasoline were compared. Explosion suppression effect of ammonium salt is superior to sodium salt. Appropriately reducing the particle size of ammonium phosphate can improve gas explosion suppression effect. The super- fine ammonium phosphate is best, explosion pressure of gasoline can be reduced 58.5% , and explosion energy can be reduced 31.6%. The optimal mass concentration of explosion suppression of three powders are 0. 228 g/L of ammonium phosphate, 0. 682 g/L of superfine ammonium phosphate and 0. 455 g/L of sodium salt.

关 键 词：汽油 抑爆 干粉 爆炸压力 时间继电器 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]