建成环境刺猬覆被偏爱分析与小尺度空间改造  

Spatial Preferences of Translocated Hedgehogs(Erinaceus europaeus): Impacts from and Reconfigurations for a Fine Grained Built Environment

作　　者：李晶竹[1] 李雅[1] 龚清宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072

出　　处：《城市环境与城市生态》2013年第5期11-15,共5页Urban Environment & Urban Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51178295)资助

摘　　要：了解小型地面动物行为偏爱及其空间映射对城市生境垫脚石设计具有重要的启发意义,然而以往研究极少关注细粒度建成环境中的小型哺乳动物行为。2012年春末夏初在南开大学校园对2只异位释放的雌性刺猬进行了连续13夜的直接观测。根据高分辨率覆被图和观测点位数据,分析了刺猬活动范围、空间与覆被偏爱及其主要影响因素。我们发现:刺猬在城市环境中偏爱沿建构筑物边缘移动,该行为特征对覆被偏爱排序影响显著;食物丰富度、空间遮蔽性和导向性是刺猬使用不同覆被的主要影响因素。另外证实了刺猬喜爱灌草丛、废弃院落,倾向遮蔽或围合空间,对道路、广场等开阔硬面较为回避。为减少城市基质穿越障碍,根据刺猬行为特征和感知能力给出了空间改造示例。Understanding and mapping the behavior of ground-dwelling animals in urban habitat is the key to designing biological meaningful stepping stones for animal conservation. However, few studies concerning the small mammal behavior have been conducted in a fine grained built environment. A direct observation approach was used to track the locations of two translocated female hedgehogs（Erinaceus europaeus） on Nankai University campus for 13 successive nights from late spring to early summer in 2012. The movement range, spatial and land cover preferences of the hedgehogs, and their associated factors were analyzed with the high resolution land cover map and the movement positions. Surprisingly,the hedgehogs showed a special preference to building edges and abandoned yards. Land cover edges exerted marked impact on the ranking of land cover and spatial preferences. The food, refuges and orientation were determinants for the land cover preferences. Additionally, our data support that urban hedgehogs inclined to shrubs and native grasses. They prefer shelters and enclosures to open spaces but relatively avoid major roads and squares. Finally, based on the movement behavior we observed and the perception range from the archival data, a sample design was provided for reconfiguring the ground surfaces to reduce crossing gaps in urban matrix.

关 键 词：城市动物行为 高分辨率 覆被偏爱 空间设计 刺猬 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]