铁路货车参数对车轮磨耗影响的仿真研究  

Simulation Study on the Effect of Railway Freight Car Parameters on Wheel Wear

作　　者：孙树磊[1] 丁军君[1] 黄运华[1] 李芾[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2013年第5期100-107,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家"八六三"计划项目(2008AA030706);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(SWJTU12CX041)

摘　　要：为研究铁路货车参数对车轮磨耗的影响,在确定车轮磨耗仿真原理的基础上,采用轮轨半赫兹接触模型、FASTSIM算法和修正后的Zobory车轮磨耗模型以及车辆—轨道系统动力学模型建立车轮磨耗预测模型,仿真研究转向架结构型式、一系定位刚度和轴距以及车轮直径、车速对车轮磨耗的影响。结果表明:与装用摆动式和交叉支撑转向架相比,装用径向转向架能有效地减轻轮缘磨耗,并能增加车轮段修磨耗寿命;一系纵向定位刚度从9MN·m-1增加到21MN·m-1后,车轮段修磨耗寿命减少33%,轮缘磨耗增加124.7%;轴距从1.6m增大到2.4m后,车轮段修磨耗寿命减少36.6%,轮缘磨耗增加180.2%;车速从60km·h-1增加到120km·h-1时,车轮段修磨耗寿命降低45.0%,磨耗面积增加74.2%;车轮直径从800mm增加到915mm后,车轮段修磨耗寿命增加30.5%,轮缘磨耗减小20.1%,因此增大车轮直径可以减小大轴重货车的车轮磨耗。In order to study the influence of railway freight car parameters on wheel wear, wheel/rail semi- Hertzian contact theory, FASTSIM algorithm, modified Zobory＇s wear model and vehicle-track dynamical model were used to build the wheel wear prediction model, based on the theory of wheel wear simulation, and the effects of bogie type, primary locating stiffness, wheelbase, wheel diameter and velocity on wheel wear were analyzed. The results indicate that radial bogie can effectively reduce flange wear and increase depot repair wheel wear lifetime compared to swing bogie and cross-braced bogie. When the primary longi- tudinal locating stiffness increases from 9 to 21 MN m-1 , the depot repair wheel wear lifetime decreases by 33% and flange wear increases by 124. 7%. When the wheelbase increases from 1.6 to 2.4 m, the depot repair wheel wear lifetime decreases by 36.6% and flange wear increases by 180.2%. When the velocity increases from 60 to 120 km h-1 , the depot repair wheel wear lifetime decreases by 45.0% and wear area increases by 74. 2%. When the wheel diameter increases from 800 to 915 mm, the depot repair wheel wear lifetime increases by 30. 5% and flange wear decreases by 20. 1%. So the wheel diameter of heavy haul freight ear should be increased in order to reduce wheel wear.

关 键 词：车轮磨耗 货车参数 半赫兹接触理论 车轮段修磨耗寿命 轮缘磨耗 磨耗面积 

分 类 号：U272[机械工程—车辆工程] U270.331.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]