不同来源生物炭对砷在土壤中吸附与解吸的影响  

Effects of biochars produced from different sources on arsenic adsorption and desorption in soil

作　　者：关连珠[1] 周景景[1] 张昀[1] 张广才[1] 张金海[1] 禅忠祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第10期2941-2946,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101455);沈阳农业大学校青年基金项目(20101016)资助

摘　　要：采用OECDGuideline106批平衡方法研究了由凋落松针、玉米秸秆、牛粪制备的3种生物炭对As（V）在棕壤中的吸附和解吸特性的影响．结果表明：3种生物炭的添加量为0．5％时，对As（V）在土壤中的吸附量大小顺序为牛粪炭处理〉松针炭处理〉玉米秸秆炭处理，这与生物炭的基本性质密切相关；等温吸附曲线能用Langmuir方程进行很好的拟合（R。=0．997）；与对照相比，生物炭处理对砷的吸附容量（1g墨为1．99—2．10）和吸附强度（1／N为0．413～0．449）降低，生物炭对As（V）的主要吸附机制为物理吸附；生物炭处理对As（V）解吸率大小顺序为：玉米秸秆炭处理〉松针炭处理〉牛粪炭处理，解吸率在14．5％-18．7％．添加3种来源生物炭降低了棕壤对As（V）的吸附，这可能会导致砷的有效性增强，更易被生物吸收，进而增强土壤中砷的毒性．By using OECD Guideline 106 batch equilibrium method, this paper studied the charac- teristics of As （ V ） adsorption and desorption in brown soil as affected by the biochars produced from dairy manure, pine needle, and corn straw. When the addition amount of the biochars was 0. 5 % , the maximum adsorption amount of As （ V ） was decreased in the order of dairy manure biochar 〉 pine needle biochar 〉 corn straw biochar, which was related to the basic characteristics of the biochars. The adsorption isotherm of As （ V ） could be well fitted by Langmuir model （ R2 = 0. 997）. In comparing with CK, both the adsorption capacity （lgKf= 1.99-2.10） and the adsorp- tion intensity （ l/N= O. 413-0.449） of As （ V ） were low, and the main adsorption mechanism was physical adsorption. The desorption rate of As （ V ） （ 14.5% -18.7% ） was decreased in the order of dairy manure biochar 〉 pine needle biochar 〉 corn straw biochar. The addition of the biochars decreased the adsorption of As （ V ） by brown soil, which could induce the increase of the bioavail- ability of As, and strengthen the toxicity of As in soil.

关 键 词：生物炭 砷 土壤 吸附 解吸 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]