液罐车罐体内液体横向晃动研究  

Horizontal fluid sloshing analysis in the body of tank truck

作　　者：胡晓明[1,2] 李万莉[1] 赵志国[2] 孙丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械工程学院,上海201804 [2]淮阴工学院,淮安223003

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2013年第5期641-646,797,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51205151);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2011405)

摘　　要：为研究液体晃动对液罐车行驶稳定性的影响,针对罐体内液体的横向晃动问题,运用势流理论建立了液体晃动的控制方程,并采用Galerkin方法进行了求解;根据等效原则建立了罐体内液体晃动的弹簧-质量-阻尼等效力学模型,通过与试验数据的比较,验证了文中的求解过程及建立等效模型方法的正确性。运用建立的等效模型,通过具体算例分析了液体晃动特征频率和等效模型参数随充液比的变化关系、车辆的侧向加速度和充液比对罐体的横向作用力和力矩的影响。结果表明:在液体晃动中,第一阶晃动质量起主导作用,在精度要求不高的情况下,可以考虑只建立一阶等效系统;液体晃动第一阶特征频率随充液比的增加而增加,第二、第三阶特征频率随充液比的增加先减小再增加;罐车转向运动时,充液比在λ为0.8-1.0时液体晃动最剧烈,并且液体对罐体的作用力和力矩均随侧向加速度的增加而增加。In order to study the effects of liquid sloshing on the driving stability of tank truck,in the light of the problem of the horizontal fluid sloshing in the tank body,the governing equations of the transverse liquid sloshing within tank body are estabished by potential theory and solved using the Galerkin method.The spring-mass-damper equivalent mechanical model of the liquid sloshing is built via the principle of equivalence,and the correctness of the solution methods and the equivalent model in the article is verified through comparison with the experimental values.The dependence of the sloshing characteristic frequencies in the tank and the equivalent model parameters on the fill ratio is discussed,and the influence of the vehicle's lateral acceleration and fill ratio upon the lateral forces and moments of the tank body are analyzed in a specific example.The results show that: the first-order wobbing mass plays a dominant role during the liquid sloshing.A first order equivalent system can be established when the precision requirement is not high.The first characteristic frequency increases with the increase of filling rate,however,the 2nd and 3rd characteristic frequencies decrease firstly and then increase with the increase of fill ratio.While the tank car is in steering motion,liquid sloshing will be in the most intensive condition when the filling rate is in the range of 0.8 to 1.0,and the force and torque on the tank body from liquid increase with the increase of lateral acceleration.

关 键 词：液罐车 液体晃动 等效模型 充液比 

分 类 号：O368[理学—流体力学] O39[理学—力学]