塞北兔脂肪酸检测方法的选择与组成分析  

Selection and Application of Analytical Method for Fatty Acids from Saibei Rabbit

作　　者：曹玮娜[1] 任战军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《食品科学》2013年第20期207-212,共6页Food Science

基　　金：陕西省农业攻关项目(2010K01-16);西安市农业攻关项目(NC09049-4)

摘　　要：为了更好地研究塞北兔肌肉组织、皮下结缔组织和肠系膜组织中脂肪酸组成,先用索氏提取法和氯仿-甲醇法从塞北兔脂肪组织中提取油脂,继而进行酸性和碱性甲酯化,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其脂肪酸组成进行分析。结果表明:采用氯仿-甲醇超声法提取,碱性甲酯化法处理的效果最好。肌肉脂肪由12种脂肪酸组成,其中4种饱和脂肪酸中C16:0含量最高,高达27.30%;4种单不饱和脂肪酸中C18:1含量最高,高达24.02%;4种多不饱和脂肪酸中C18:2含量最高,高达26.06%;多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值(P:S)为0.88。皮下结缔组织脂肪由13种脂肪酸组成,其中4种饱和脂肪酸中C16:0含量最高,高达26.75%;5种单不饱和脂肪酸中C18:1含量最高,高达29.07%;4种多不饱和脂肪酸中C18:2含量最高,高达21.99%;P:S值为0.75。肠系膜脂肪由21种脂肪酸组成,其中7种饱和脂肪酸中C16:0含量最高,高达25.47%,7种单不饱和脂肪酸中C18:1含量最高,高达26.25%,7种多不饱和脂肪酸中C18:2含量最高,高达27.52%;P:S值为0.99。肌肉、皮下结缔组织和肠系膜组织的脂肪酸组成种类和含量有差异。肠系膜内脂肪酸种类最多,肌肉脂肪较少。P:S值肠系膜组织最高,皮下结缔组织较少。The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of fatty composition in subcutaneous connective tissue, mesenteric adipose tissue and muscle tissue of the meat rabbit breed Saibei. Lipid extraction was performed by Soxhlet extraction or chloroform/methanol extraction, and the extracted lipids were methyl-esterified under acidic or basic conditions before analysis by GC. Comparative evaluation suggested ultrasonic-assisted chloroform/ methanol extraction and methyl-esterification under basic conditions to be the best sample preparation procedure. The fatty acid composition of rabbit meat was determined by GC-MS using this procedure. The results showed that intermuscular fat in rabbit muscle consisted of 12 fatty acids including 4 saturated, among which the most abundant was C16：0 and its content was up to 27.30%; 4 monounsaturated, among which C18：1 showed the highest content, reaching 24.02%; and 4 polyunsaturated fatty acids with 26.06% of C18：2 being the most abundant, and the polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio （P/S） was 0.88. A total of 13 fatty acids were identified from the mesenteric adipose tissue, including 4 saturated with the greatest abundance in C16：0 （26.75%）; 5 monounsaturated, among which C18：1 （29.07%） was the most abundant; and 4 polyunsaturated ones with C18：2 （21.99%） being the most dominant, and the P/S ratio was 0.75. The mesenteric adipose tissue was found to be composed of 21 fatty acids with a P/S ratio of 0.99, including 7 saturated, 7 monounsaturated and 7 polyunsaturated ones, among which the most abundant were C16：0, C18：1 and C18：2 with contents of 25.47%, 26.25% and 27.52%, respectively. The number and relative contents of fatty acids differed among the three tissues of rabbit meat. The mesenteric adipose tissue contained the largest number of fatty acids, while only a smaller number of fatty acids were found in the intermuscular adipose tissue. The P/S ratio was the largest in the

关 键 词：塞北兔 脂肪酸 脂肪酸甲酯化 

分 类 号：TS251.51[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]