蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素研究初报  

Preliminary study on pigments in seed aleurone layer of blue-grained wheat

作　　者：高建伟[1] 刘建中[1] 李滨[1] 冯宝树[2] 于桂琴 李振声[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]西安植物园,西安710061

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2000年第6期936-941,T001,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院生命科学与生物技术局特别支持课题

摘　　要：观察了蓝粒小麦籽粒灌浆期糊粉层色素形成情况 ,并分析了蓝粒糊粉层色素的成分。结果表明 ,在灌浆期 ,蓝粒小麦籽粒的糊粉层首先是靠近盾片的部位变蓝 ,而后逐渐向上扩展。在扩展的过程中 ,可以看到糊粉层着色部位既显蓝色 ,又呈现一定程度的紫红色。蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素含矢车菊素 (Delphinidin,红色 )、飞燕草素 (Cyanidin,蓝色 )、芍药素等 8种色素成分 ,但以飞燕草素 (Delphinidin)、矢车菊素 (Cyanidin)为主。根据上述结果推断出了蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素合成途径的大致框架图。另外 ,2 D易位系 991 5(J2 D- 1 )蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素合成中 ,可能存在 1种尚未发现的新的代谢途径 ,即红色的花青素葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin 3- glucoside) B环 5′位置发生羟基化 ,变成蓝色的飞燕草苷 (Delphinidin 3-glucoside)。以上结果为全面揭示蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素生物合成途径以及克隆蓝粒基因提供参考。Blue grained wheat is an important tool in wheat chromosome engineering.In this study,we observed the development of pigments of seed aleurone layer in blue grained wheat and analyzed the constituents of its pigments.In the filling stage,the area of aleurone,which was around scutellum,became blue earlier.After that,the blue color diffused upword in aleurone,in which the coloured parts possed blue,and also purple.The aluerone layer pigments of blue grained wheat were composed of delphinidin (blue),cyanidin (red),peonidin,and other five unknown pigments,in which delphinidin (blue),cyanidin (red) were more.According to the above result,we postulated the biosynthetic pathway of pigments in aleurone layer of blue grained wheat.Forethermore,a new blue pigment biosynthetic pathway was possiblely in the 2D substitution line 9915 (J2D 1) blue grained wheat,in which the hydroxylation of cyanidin 3 glucoside in the 5′position was taken place and delphinidin 3 glucoside was produced.These results will be useful in understanding blue pigment biosynthetic pathway in details,and in cloning gene (s) responsible for blue pigmention in aleurone layer of blue grained wheat.

关 键 词：蓝粒小麦 糊粉层 色素分析 生物合成途径 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]