2009-2012年铜陵市铜官山区小学生营养状况和常见病调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on nutritional status and common diseases of primary school students in Tongguanshan District,Tongling City in 2009-2012

作　　者：邱申伟[1] 金岳龙[2] 潘瑞[2] 刘聚矩[1] 韦宁凯[1] 姚应水[2] 贺连平[2] 

机构地区：[1]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科,安徽铜陵244000 [2]皖南医学院预防医学系,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2013年第11期946-948,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的了解铜陵市铜官山区小学生的营养健康状况和常见病的患病情况,为探讨预防对策提供依据。方法以2009-2012年铜陵市铜官山区18所小学全部参加体检的在校小学生为研究对象开展横断面调查,调查指标主要包括身高、体重、龋齿和视力状况等。结果 2009-2012年铜官山区小学生营养不良率为18.3%,超重率为11.1%,肥胖率为11.6%,龋患率为44.9%,视力低下率为52.9%。营养不良、超重、肥胖、龋齿、视力状况在不同年度、性别、年级间差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。视力低下率、龋患率有逐年上升的趋势,营养不良率、超重率、肥胖率、视力低下率总趋势上随年级增长而增加(均有P<0.001),而龋患率在总趋势上随年级增长而下降(2趋势=2 120.00,P<0.001)。结论铜陵市铜官山区小学生的视力低下、龋齿、营养不良、肥胖和超重呈不同程度的增长趋势,相关部门应积极采取针对性措施,降低其发生率,以提高该区小学生的健康水平。Objective To understand the health status and common diseases of primary school students in Tong- guanshan District of Tong, ling City, and to provide basis for developing interventions. Methods According to school sani- tary regulation, physical examination data of students from 18 elementary schools in Tongguanshan District were collected each year from 2009 to 2012, and analyzed by SPSS 16. 0 software. Results The detected rate of malnutrition of students from Tongguanshan District from 2009 to 2012 was 18. 3%, overweight rate was 11.1% , obesity rate was 11.6% , dental caries rate was 44. 9% , and low eyesight rate was 52. 9%. There were significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05 ） in malnutrition, overweight, obesity, dental caries, eyesight status in year, gender and grade. An increasing prevalence of low eyesight rate and dental caries was seen. Malnutrition, overweight, obesity and low eyesight rate showed increasing trend by grade （ P 〈 0. 001 ）, while dental caries showed decreasing trend by grade （ χ2 = 2 120. 00, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusions The rates of low vision, dental caries, malnutrition, obesity, and overweight of pupils in Tongguanshan District of Tongling City showed different levels of increasing trends. Specific measures should be taken actively to reduce the incidence of the above disea- ses, and to improve the health of pupils in the district.

关 键 词：营养状况 肥胖症 视力 低 龋齿 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]