结构微裂纹混频非线性超声检测方法研究  

A frequency-mixing nonlinear ultrasonic technique for micro-crack detection

作　　者：焦敬品[1] 孙俊俊[1] 吴斌[1] 何存富[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学机电学院,北京100124

出　　处：《声学学报》2013年第6期648-656,共9页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51075012;11272017);北京市自然科学基金(1122005);质检公益行业科研专项项目(201110032);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAK06B03-03)资助

摘　　要：给出了一种基于混频效应的非线性超声微裂纹检测方法。首先,对结构损伤混频检测机理及信号特征提取方法进行了理论分析,之后,根据试件中差频分量及和频分量幅值分布随激励信号频率变化关系,优化确定出混频检测参数。最后,进行了异侧混频激励下无损检测试验研究,并分析了激励信号频率变化对混频检测效果的影响。结果表明,异侧激励混频检测模式不仅可以实现结构中疲劳微裂纹检测,而且可以实现缺陷的定位。且检测信号频率选择对混频检测信噪比有一定的影响。当检测信号中的混频分量幅值最大时,混频检测效果最佳。因此,在优化检测参数基础上,异侧混频激励检测模式可以很好实现结构微裂纹的检测与定位。Toward invalidity of the linear ultrasonic technique for nondestructive detection of micro-crack in structures, a frequency-mixing nonlinear ultrasonic technique was developed for micro-crack detecting. Firstly, the mechanism of frequency-mixing and signal processing method for feature extraction were investigated; secondly, By experimental mea- surement of frequency response of mixing frequencies, the optimum parameters for frequency-fixing detection frequency- mixing were determined; experiments for micro-crack detection were conducted in mode of heterolateral excitation, and research focused on the influence of frequencies of excitations on the detection results. It was shown that in mode of heterolateral excitation, not only fatigue micro-cracks in the structure can be detected, but also the position of the defect can be located. Meanwhile, the frequencies of excitations have great influence on signal-to-noise ratio. The perfor- mance of damage detection experiments was best when the amplitudes of mixing frequencies are maximum. Therefore, frequency-mixing nonlinear ultrasonic technique is a valid approach for crack detection and location.

关 键 词：微裂纹检测 混频效应 超声检测 结构损伤 非线性 激励信号 频率变化 幅值分布 

分 类 号：TP274.53[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]