捍卫与解构:尼尔·波兹曼对现代童年观念的矛盾立场及其分析  

Upholding and Deconstructing:An Analysis on the Neil Postman's Contradictory Standpoint of the Modern Concept of Childhood

作　　者：苗雪红[1] 

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院人文学院教育系,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第5期143-147,共5页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：作者主持的教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目/青年基金"儿童精神成长研究及其教育学意义"(项目编号:10YJCZH112);江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学研究项目"儿童精神成长研究"(项目编号:2010SJBXLX001)研究成果之一

摘　　要：从1960年代末期开始,波兹曼关于教育、电视以及童年的研究在西方世界备受瞩目,特别是在1980年代,受社会建构童年研究取向的影响,波兹曼认为童年是一种社会的产物,并通过媒介的历史变迁呈现了西方童年观念的诞生和消逝。波兹曼对童年的认识体现了本质主义的"发展范式"与反本质主义的"社会建构范式"两种童年认识方式共存时的矛盾,这种矛盾也反映出童年研究本身是一种社会建构的过程,研究者必然处于学术研究以及社会发展的历史建构之中;而且,对童年的社会建构既要基于儿童的生活事实,更要基于生命发展的逻辑,要避免"自然-文化"的两分及"事实-价值"的两分。Neil Postman＇s studies on school, television and childhood have attracted considerable attention in the Western world since the late 1960s, especially have been affected by the approach of social construction of childhood research since 1980s, Neil Postman regarded childhood as a product of social and presented the emergence and disappearance of the Western concept of childhood through the historical changes of media. What is his thought of childhood shows the contradiction between the two paradigm of childhood research, that is, the development paradigm of the essentialism and the social construction paradigm of anti - essentialism. The contradiction also shows childhood research is a process of social constructing and we individuals must be involved in the construction of the history of academic research and social development ; What is more, the social construction of childhood should not only based on the facts of the children＇s lives, but also on the logic of the development of life, and we should try to avoid the separation of the nature - culture and the separation of the value - truth.

关 键 词：童年 社会建构 儿童 媒介 

分 类 号：G445[哲学宗教—心理学]