水稻田毒死蜱安全使用及其对稻飞虱和主要天敌的影响  

The Safe Use of Chlorpyrifos in Rice Field and Effects on Rice Planthopper and Its Natural Enemies

作　　者：叶建人 施海萍 冯永斌 黄贤夫 王驰 陈海波 蔡娟娟 

机构地区：[1]浙江省温岭市植物保护检疫站,浙江温岭317500 [2]浙江省温岭市农业技术推广站,浙江温岭317500

出　　处：《农药》2013年第11期824-825,共2页Agrochemicals

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项(优先主题)农业项目(2008C12072-2);浙江省"三农五方"科技协作项目(2006-04);温岭市科技局项目[温科(2006)15号]

摘　　要：【目的】水稻田毒死蜱用量多，明确稻米残留情况。【方法】在甬优6号收割15、20、30、40d喷施48％毒死蜱EC360-1080mLa．i．／hm2后调查抽样，用Agilent6890气相色谱仪检测残留量。【结果】48％毒死蜱Ec喷施次数多或用量高，残留大，糠远高于糙米；在离收割15d喷施1080mLa．i．／hm^2 1次，或者在离收割40、30、20d均喷施720mLa．i．／hm^2 3次，糙米中的残留量≥0．1mg／kg；对稻飞虱能治前控后，蜘蛛影响少，黑肩绿盲蝽杀伤力大。[结论]水稻田喷施毒死蜱，离收割30d以上或者离收割15d以内，用量应分别控制在1080、720mLa．i．／hm^2之内，并尽量减少用药的次数。[Aims] The purpose of this paper is to detect the chlorpyrifos residues on paddy rice at different dosages. [Methods] Gas Chromatographs Agilent 6890 is used to test pesticide residuals on Yongyou 6 Paddy Rice, which is sprayed by 360-1080 mL a.i./ha of chlorpyrifos 15, 20, 30, 40 days before harvest respectively. [Results] The results showed that the more times and dosage using, the more pesticide residues, and seriously higher in rice husk than in brown rice. Spray one time at the dosage of 1080 mL a.i./ha at 15 days before or three times with the dosage of 720 mL a.i./ha at 40, 30, 20 days before, the pesticide residues were more than 0.1 mg/kg in brown rice. Chlorpyrifos was effective to control rice planthopper, and was high toxin to cyrtorrhinus lividipennis but low toxin to spiders. In addition, the spider is far less impacted than cyrtorrhinus lividipennis in the biological control agent study. [Conclusions] It was suggested to use chlorpyrifos at the dosage of lower than 1 080 and 720 mL a.i./ha 30 and 15 days before harvest respectively, and the times of spray should be controlled as few as possible.

关 键 词：毒死蜱 稻米 残留 害虫和天敌影响 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]