冬虫夏草寄主-小金蝠蛾分布规律研究  

Distribution of Host of Ophiocordyceps sinensis-Hepialus xiaojinensis

作　　者：涂永勤[1] 朱华李[1] 张德利[1] 陈恬[1] 陈仕江[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市中药研究院,重庆400065

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2013年第5期2167-2169,共3页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(81173478);重庆市卫生局一般项目(2009-2-167)

摘　　要：本文研究小金蝠蛾的分布规律.收集各冬虫夏草产区蝠蛾的蛹,集中羽化为成虫,通过比较形态、色泽和交尾情况等鉴定其种类,并确定分布范围.在不同海拔调查幼虫或蛹的分布情况和初龄幼虫越冬时间及龄期.结果表明,该物种主要分布于小金县,以及与小金县接壤的金川县和丹巴县.在小金县,以崇德、新格、新桥、双柏、八角、木坡、抚边、两河、达维和日隆等乡镇为核心分布区域.在垂直方向上,小金蝠蛾集中分布于海拔3600 ～4400 m,最低为2800 m,最高为5200 m.近年来,在3200 ～ 3450 m的退耕还林地中还大量发现该虫.在自然条件下,小金蝠蛾于每年11月中下旬至12月中旬以1或2龄幼虫,在5～8 cm 草皮层越冬.该研究不仅为冬虫夏草资源保护提供依据,同时也为冬虫夏草人工培殖提供依据.In this paper,the distribution pattern of Hepialus xiaojinensis TU was studied.The pupae of H.xiaojinensis TU from the area producing Ophiocordyceps sinensis （Berk.） was collected,which together became adults,and their species and distribution area were determined by comparing shape,color and mating type after eclosion.The distributions of larva or pupae,the wintering time and instar of first instar larvae at different altitudes were also investigated.The results showed that the species mainly distributed in Xiaojin county,also in both Jinchuan county and Danba county which were neighboring to Xiaojin county.The towns in Xiaojin county,including Chongde,Xinge,Xinqiao,Shuangbai,Bajiao,Mupo,Fubian,Lianghe,Dawei and Rilong,were the key distribution area of the larvae.As to the vertical direction,H.xiaojinensis TU which primarily existed in range from 3600 to 4400 m,was the lowest at 2800 m and the highest at 5200 m.Recently,the traces of H.xiaojinensis TU in the forests converted from the farmland at the elevation of 3200-3450 m also were found.Under natural conditions,the first or second instars of H.xiaojinensis TU holed up in the divot underneath ground for 5-8 cm from late November to the middle of December each year.The research not only laid a basis on the protection of Ophiocordy ceps sinensis but also the culture methods.

关 键 词：寄主昆虫 分布 蛹 幼虫 越冬 

分 类 号：S567.35[农业科学—中草药栽培]