芸豆连作田土壤酶活性和养分含量研究  

Research on Soil Nutrient and Soil Enzyme in Kidney Bean Field with Continuous Cropping

作　　者：马瑞瑞[1] 高小丽[1] 崔雯雯[1] 杨秋歌[1] 马淑蓉[1] 高金锋[1] 王鹏科[1] 冯佰利[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《华北农学报》2013年第5期157-162,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903007)

摘　　要：芸豆是一种经济价值颇高的杂粮作物,忌连作,但是由于目前我国可耕地面积日益减少,适宜芸豆种植的土地也不断减少,芸豆连作现象较为普遍,因此,研究芸豆连作对土壤环境的影响势在必行。本试验以小黑芸豆为供试材料,以轮作为对照,研究芸豆连作对耕层土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性变化,结果表明:连作抑制了0～20 cm耕层过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶的活性,降低了土壤有机质、氮、磷含量和有效性,并降低了土壤pH值,且土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量存在显著相关性(P<0.01);连作对土壤过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性影响主要在开花期,对其他酶活性的影响在开花至结荚期。由于连作导致芸豆籽粒产量较轮作降低了29.4%,因此,芸豆生产上应尽量避免连作,进行轮作倒茬,以实现高产优质。Kidney bean ,as a sensitive crop with continuous cropping , is a kind of grain crops with high eco-nomic value ,but because of the shrinking arable land area in China ,suitable for kidney bean cultivated land is de-creasing,the phenomenon of kidney bean monocropping is relatively common ,so,it is imperative to study the effect of continuous cropping on soil environment in kidney bean field .Using the little black kidney beans as the material , the experiment studys oil nutrient contents and soil enzyme activity under the condition of continuous cropping cam -paring with rotation .The research shows that continuous cropping restrained soil enzyme activity which including Catalase activity,A-phosphatase activity,PPO activity,Urase and Invertase activity,reduced the content of soil or-ganic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and them effectiveness in 0-20 cm soil layer,and both of them correlation was significant extremely （ P〈0.01） ,the soil pH was reduced at the same time;The soil Catalase and PPO activity was affected by continuous cropping in the flowering period ,the others were affected by continuous cropping from flower-ing stage and podding stage .Compared with crop rotation ,the kidney bean grain yield was reduced by 29 .4%with continuous cropping .

关 键 词：芸豆 连作 土壤酶 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学] S154.2