沙源供给条件对机械沙障固沙作用的影响  

Influences of Sand Fountain on Sand-fixation of Mechanical Sand Barriers

作　　者：马瑞[1] 刘虎俊[2] 马彦军[1] 单立山[1] 张安勤 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070 [3]西和种子管理站,甘肃陇南742100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第5期105-108,114,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：甘肃农业大学科技创新基金项目(GSA-CX1111);国家自然科学基金项目(31260201)

摘　　要：对布设于不同沙源供给条件下麦草方格沙障、塑料网方格沙障和粘土行列式沙障的输沙量、风沙流结构、沙面形态变化及障体耐蚀积能力时空异质性进行研究。结果表明：（1）沙面形态进入稳定期后,3种沙障内0-20cm输沙量在流动沙丘集中分布区比半固定半流动沙丘分布区分别增加了78.6%,118.8%和40.2%,同时,风沙流结构和输沙量峰值的出现高度发生变化;（2）沙源供给丰富度可通过对原始沙面蚀积速率的影响,改变稳定沙面形态的形成时间和形态特征;（3）风沙流在流动沙丘集中分布区对麦草沙障和塑料网沙障造成的破坏率分别是半固定半流动沙丘分布区的1.45,1.27倍,对粘土沙障的破坏不明显,均在2%以下。沙埋、倒伏、解体均主要发生在沙障边缘区。The spatial-temporal heterogeneity of sediment discharges,structures of wind-sand flux,sand surface configurations,and anti-corrosion abilities were conducted on straw checkerboard sand barriers,plastic net checkerboard sand barriers and clay det sand barriers which were placed in different sand richness conditions.The results showed：（1）When the sand surfaces were stabilized,the sediment discharges of 0~ 20cm in these three sand barriers in region composed of flowing sand dunes increased by 78.6%,118.8% and 40.2% compared with the region composed of semi-fixed sand dunes.At the same time,the structure of wind-sand flux and the height of peak value of sediment discharge changed.（2）The formation time of stable sand surfaces and its morphological features were changed by erosion and deposit rates in differ sand richness.（3）The ratio of sand flow destruction in straw sand barriers and plastic sand barriers in region composed of flowing sand dunes were 1.45,1.27 times than that in region composed of semi-fixed sand dunes.The destruction was no evident to clay sand barriers which were both below 2%.These destructions mainly occurred in fringes of the sand barriers.

关 键 词：沙源丰富度 固沙作用 时空异质性 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]