地震破坏供水管网低压水力分析  

Pressure-Dependent Analysis of Water Supply Network Damaged by Earthquake Based on Emitter Model

作　　者：侯本伟[1] 杜修力[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《土木建筑与环境工程》2013年第5期36-43,共8页Journal of Civil,Architectural & Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51278017;51208017)

摘　　要：供水管网遭受地震破坏后会产生渗漏和爆管,在震后的紧急救援和修复阶期,供水管网处于低压带漏损供水状态。根据断开管段的沿程水头损失关系,提出一种在断开管段端点附加扩散器模型模拟断开点漏水,简化了断开管段的建模方法;将压力决定的节点配水量模型加入到水力分析中,避开了低压管网水力分析中的节点负压问题;利用线性搜索与回溯算法控制管网节点非线性方程组的迭代步长,确保了管网低压水力分析的全局收敛性。此方法具有建模简单,计算量小,全局收敛速度快的特点;通过示例计算及结果比较,验证了其有效性。When the water supply network suffered earthquake damages, pipeline leaks and bursts may occur. In the period in post-earthquake emergency rescue and repair, the network is supplying water with additional outflow of damages （leaks and breaks）, which result in pressure deficient. According to the frictional head loss along the break pipeline, a model with additional emitter at the endpoint of the disconnect pipeline was proposed to simulate the break, which simplifies the modeling of breaks. The pressure-dependent demand relationship was adopted in the process of pressure-deficient hydraulic simulation to avoid node negative pressure. Meanwhile a backtracking and line search procedure was utilized to control the iteration step of pipeline network nonlinear equations, which ensure the global convergence of the hydraulic simulation. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by a case study.

关 键 词：地震破坏管网 水力功能分析 扩散器模型 低压分析 全局收敛算法 

分 类 号：TU991.33[建筑科学—市政工程] P315.9[天文地球—地震学]