电动汽车参与V2G的最优峰谷电价研究  

Research on Optimal Time of Use Price for Electric Vehicle Participating V2G

作　　者：项顶[1] 宋永华[1] 胡泽春[1] 徐智威[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机系,北京市海淀区100084

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2013年第31期15-25,2,共11页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2011AA05A110)~~

摘　　要：电动汽车与电网互动(vehicle-to-grid,V2G)的市场机制是V2G实施的重要基础。在分析电动汽车放电成本和效益的基础上,给出了电动汽车放电电价定价的上下限。考虑了用户起始充放电时刻的Poisson分布特性,基于经济学理论提出了电动汽车放电需求函数。建立了以电网总负荷波动最小为目标,以满足用户充放电时间、充放电需求等为约束条件的电动汽车与电网互动的最优峰谷电价模型。以京津唐电网为例,得到了电动汽车充放电的最优峰谷电价和对应时段,验证了所提方法的有效性。Vehicle-to-grid （V2G） market mechanism is an important foundation for V2G implementation. Based on analyses of EVs＇ discharging costs and V2G benefit, the upper and lower limits of the EVs discharging price are given. The Poisson distribution features of the EVs users＇ initial charging/discharging time are considered. Discharging demand function of EV owners is proposed based on economic theory. An optimal formulation of peak-valley TOU （time of use） tariff is proposed to minimize load fluctuations under the constraints of EV charging/discharging time and energy demand. Simulations are carried out on the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan power grid and the optimal peak-valley charging/discharging prices along with the time ranges are obtained, which validates effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：电动汽车 电动汽车与电网互动 峰谷电价 POISSON 分布 放电需求函数 

分 类 号：TM71[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]